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Christian Quarter Of The Old City Of Jerusalem

31 46'42 .5 "N 35 13'45 .84" E / 31.778472, 35.2294

Map Christian Quarter of the Old City of Jerusalem

The Christian Quarter is one of the four quarters of the Old City of Jerusalem. The area inhabited by Christian Arabs of Palestine is located in the northwestern part of Old Jerusalem where they found the Holy Sepulcher , the Mosque of Omar and Muristan (en). This article does not deal with the Armenians, despite being overwhelmingly Christian, as the Armenian community of Jerusalem has a special history even before the birth of Christianity , in fact, they have developed their own neighborhood. The Church of the Holy Sepulchre is the most venerable church for Christians of all denominations located in Jerusalem. In second place for Catholics , there is also the Co-Cathedral Latin in the Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem near the Jaffa Gate , which rendered the popes Paul VI , John Paul II and Benedict XVI.

The area is dotted with other churches: Church of St. John the Baptist, Lutheran Church of the Redeemer , etc..

Summary

1 Development of the Christian community of Jerusalem: from 30 to 638
- 1.1 From the beginning up to 324
- 1.2 From the construction of the Church of the Holy Sepulcher (325) to victory over the Persians (630)
2 The Islamic Conquest: 638-1099
Mamluk 3: 1260-1517
4 Panoramas
5 Churches and monasteries
6 Part northwest
7 See also
- 7.1 Internal Links
- External 7.2 Links

/ / Development of the Christian community of Jerusalem: from 30 to 638

Beginnings to 324

Around 30 AD, Jesus of Nazareth died crucified. Jerusalem has been for over ninety years under the yoke of the Roman Empire , then administered by the Governor Pontius Pilate. In a few decades his followers by preaching and proselytizing, have converted Jews but also more and more Gentiles in Jerusalem as in the rest of the empire. Although little historical evidence in terms of geographical expansion of a Christian neighborhood, it is very likely that the supposed location of the crucifixion of Jesus ( Golgotha ), his tomb and his resurrection was a "point anchor "for the Christian community in Jerusalem.

In his desire to leave the Roman Empire of the crisis, the Emperor Diocletian and his tetrarchy rely more beautiful on traditional religion and trigger, by a series of edicts (from 303), a series of serious persecution which profoundly affects Christians. This persecution became more severe when the East came under the rule of Galerius , known as a fanatical anti-Christian and particularly violent.

When the Roman Emperor Constantine ^I came to power, he quickly to promulgate the Edict of Milan (April 313), which translates to all Christians by the end of persecution, freedom of worship and the end confiscation of their church. The first interested in the experience monastic join the Laura of Paran, founded in the years 320 to 10 km north of Jerusalem by St. Chariton. It's a new era that promises while Macarius of Jerusalem comes to his duties as bishop recently.

From the construction of the Church of the Holy Sepulcher (325) to victory over the Persians (630)

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The Arianism disorder Palestine fourth century Jerusalem, but remains relatively calm with his anti-Arian bishops with St. Macarius.

The Islamic Conquest: 638-1099

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Mamluk Period: 1260-1517

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Panoramas

In the Greek quarter of Muristan (in) called "Souq Aftimos" may have a panoramic view over the old city from various roofs and terraces or from the steeple the church of the Redeemer. Nearby, a stairway provides access to a walk on the roof terrace area. The roof of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre is another panoramic view. On one of them was the Ethiopian monastery consists of mud huts like an African village. There is a view across the district since the turn Phasael (in) , in the citadel. Finally, it is possible to walk up the outer wall of the old city.