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Chaldeans
- inhabitants of an ancient region of the Middle East: see Chaldea
- a faithful Christian Church of the East: see Chaldean Catholic Church
The Chaldean Catholics are the descendants of the Babylonians, Assyrians, Chaldeans and Arameans of Mesopotamia (between the Tigris and Euphrates) evangelized by the apostle Saint Thomas. They attached themselves to Rome in the 16th century. The Chaldeans are Eastern-rite Catholics, their religious fervor has never waned over the centuries, fervor they attribute to holiness and purity of the teaching of St. Thomas, their evangelist to whom they still feel today a great recognition and a deep reverence.
