Centurion
| Centurion | |
|---|---|
 Centurion in a pageant. | |
| Period | Roman Kingdom - 476 |
| Country | Ancient Rome |
| Allegiance | Mars, god of war |
| Type | Infantry |
| Garrison | Roman camp |
| Equipment | sword , scutum , vine and helmet |
| Commander | tribune |
change  | |
The centurion (Latin: in Greek) was one of the degrees of the chain of command the Roman army. However, it is not possible to define the centurions as "officers" in the modern sense.
This is an officer who may (but not necessarily) order a centuria in the Roman legion. There were 60 in each legion. That of the 1st centuries, which was the first after the tribunes , called the centurion centurion. The symbol of the dignity of the centurions was a vine.
Some ancient texts "reflect" Centurio by centurion.
Summary |
History
During the first centuries of the Republic (the fifth century BC. the third century BC. ), the legion organized by Cincinnatus is divided into 40 centuries , each consisting of one hundred men. So there are about 40 centurions by legion.
In the third century BC. BC , the composition of legions is modified: they are composed of 30 manipulated spot 120 to 160 men for a total of about 4200 men legion in normal and 5500 in a situation of great danger. Each handle is divided into two centuries of equal importance (only 60 to 80 men). Inside each handle , soldiers, citizens chosen by lot to participate in the annual campaign, elect a centurion who commanded the handles: the centurion said elected prior, which has the most authority. He appoints a second centurion to assist, the second in command of centuria handles and replace: the centurion named. So there is a sixty centurions by Legion, a little more if you count those of Staff.
With the reform of Marius , the legions into ten cohorts of three manipulated six centuries.
Function
Each centurion commanded the base unit ). The centuries were traditionally associated in pairs to form manipulated , in which two centurions were called prior and posterior. Whether this also corresponded to the placement of the first and second lines in the battle at the disposal before the enemy.
The centurion centurion is the highest grade in a Roman legion , he belongs to the first century of the first handling of the first cohort of the legion. The name means the first pilum ( javelin ) (Latin: Primer Pilus): he threw his first dart at the battles and thus gave the signal to launch the other soldiers. This is usually the most experienced and brave centurions who held this important post and honorary same time. This title is maintained under the Empire .
In the legions of the Empire
Under the Empire , the centurion commanded a centuria.
Famous Centurions
- Longinus: that hurts the Christ on the side with the Holy Lance during the Passion
- Lucius Vorenus and Titus Pullo : cited in The Gallic Wars by Julius Caesar , they are friends and rivals. Caesar cited their exemplary attitude during a campaign in Belgium. They are also titular of two fictional characters from the series Rome.
Notes
Related articles
References
- The smallest known unit was the contubernium consisting of eight men including a dean is responsible. A centuria consisted of about a dozen contubernia.
- At the time of Tarquin the Elder for the cavalry, Livy , Roman History: Book I, Section 36, 6-8. Later, the concept of centuria has been enlarged to be confused with the notion of cohort.
- Yann Le Bohec , The Roman Army.
External Links
- ...
Loading ...