Catholicon (Church)
Catholicon or katholikon is a word from the Modern Greek () which identifies the main church of a monastery. The final syllable is pronounced in French one.
Summary |
Generally, the catholicon named after the saint (or party) which (to what) is dedicated (e) the monastery. But this is not an absolute rule. The catholicon must be located in the center of the perimeter, often square, that are ordered various monastic buildings. The refectory is often located near the main entrance of catholicon, west, because the monks often go in solemn procession from one place to another.
This term is not used by catholicon sources Byzantine employing the term simply meaning church (ekklesia or naos).
The liturgy can only take place once a day on the same altar. This is why monasteries often have several small churches and chapels plus side of catholicon.
catholikon and kyriakon
The catholicon only found in a monastery. The main Egis a hermitage , monastic house or village, called a kyriakon term that gave the words "Church" (Kirche, church, Kerk, kirke) in the various Germanic languages.
Catholicon and Katholik ekklesia
Do not confuse catholicon, which is a monastic church, with Katholik ekklesia (lit. "Catholic church") which is a large Orthodox church we had to build a city center to accommodate the crowds of faithful when the cathedral was estimated as too small.
This is true of the present city of Limassol in Cyprus which has two cathedrals, a very small and one medium size and a larger church called "Katholik. For obvious reason, the term is not passed in the French language. It is the equivalent of Russian Sobor.
The barrel 59 of the Council in Trullo , held in 691, states that baptism should be celebrated in Katholik ekklesia: The term already designates the main churches of the diocese.
Bibliography
- Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium, sv katholikon, vol. II, 1116.
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