Catholicisme Libral
Liberal Catholicism is a religious Catholic who developed at the turn of the nineteenth - twentieth centuries.
Should be distinguished from the liberal modernists and those that appoint the next generation progressive. The modernists and progressives are distinguished by their positions on biblical studies, while the Liberals are distinguished by their political positions designated in Belgium by Catholic constitutional. In fact, modernism is the term by which the Pope refers to the progressives. After the Second World War and until 1954 , the year of their removal, will be called the progressive worker-priests affected by social issues and willingly trade unionists and / or traveling companions of the French Communist Party.
Summary |
Catholic liberalism is defined as "essentially a trend among sincere Catholics, to exalt liberty as the primary value with the resulting consequences for the principles that govern social, political and religious: it comes to trying to reconcile of irreconcilable principles which were based on Christian France and those arising from the Revolution. " History The history of this current is clearly related in its preparatory stage: the oath called freedom-equality, 26 August 1792 and its refutation by Pope Pius VI , the Genius of Christianity of Chateaubriand ( 1802 ) to the charter granted by Louis XVIII in 1814 and criticized by Pope Pius VII. We understand that the ultramontanism born of the same movement and is, ab ovo, a political option in favor of absolute monarchy. The true creator of liberalism Catholic Felicite de Lamennais ( in 1782 - 1854 ) who, at first, champions of ultramontanism with Louis de Bonald and Joseph de Maistre , this theory advocates a strong Roman Catholic Church, centrally and dominated by the Pope , the only guarantee of social order. It was at that one should Lamennais famous phrase Without the pope, no Church without the Church, no Christianity without Christianity, no religion and no society. He even advocated a complete separation of Church and state, without abandoning his theses ultramontane. Then converted to liberalism, along with Father Henri Lacordaire and Count Charles de Montalembert , employees daily L'Avenir , he states: humanity is the true Church (which) all of its high prerogative, his divine attributes , together form the so-called sovereignty of the people to him above all things, the supreme command, the last decision, the trial infallible principles condemned by the encyclical Your Mirari of Pope Gregory XVI , 15 August 1832. Disappointed, and refusing to submit, Lamennais left the Catholic Church. In the opposition between liberals and ultramontanes from 1850 , that is to say, for the 20th anniversary of the founding of the Kingdom of Belgium and the considerable impact of the Congress of Malines in 1863 during which Montalembert completely defines the liberal Catholic mainly for: said the halt of Pope Pius IX in the Encyclical Quanta Cura of 1864 including the syllabus , a collection of erroneous propositions condemned by the Church, followed by a booster shot by Leo XIII in the encyclical Libertas praestantissimum of 1888 : "There are many who, like Lucifer ... hear the name of freedom which is a mere license and absurd. These are those who belong to this school so widespread and so powerful that, borrowing their name from the word of freedom, want to be called liberals ... Such a doctrine provides the greatest harm both the individual and society ... as soon as we put away the power of God upon man and human society ... The multitude will let go easily to sedition and unrest ... " Besides the popes, fathers Louis-Gaston de Segur Adrian and Don Felix Sarda y Salvany strongly criticized the Catholic liberalism. But this current members prospered and Catholic liberals opened the way for the Third Republic , one of their leaders, Albert de Broglie said in part: "instead of choosing between the 89 and principles of the dogmas of the Catholic religion , purify principles by dogmas and let us walk together ... . In confirmation of the influence of this current, "The last century has destroyed, with nothing to replace them, the corporations that were old for their protection. Religious feelings of the past have disappeared from public institutions and laws and thus, little by little, helpless and isolated workers have seen, over time, thank you for engaging in inhuman masters and the greed of unrestrained competition. Wear devouring increase came even evil. Repeatedly condemned by the decision of the Church, it has ceased to be practiced in another form by men eager to gain and an insatiable greed. To all this must be added the concentration in the hands of some of the industry and commerce became the sharing of a small number of wealthy men and plutocrats who impose a yoke little slave to the infinite variety of proletarians. " Preparatory Phase
Development Phase
Posterity
In politics
On the side of philosophers
Notes
See also
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