Catholic Reformation
The Catholic Reformation is a movement of renovation of the Roman Catholic Church , which has its origins in the spiritual reflections of XV century , and which develops during the course of the sixteenth century. After the break Protestant 1520s and the hardening dogmatic of the two rival faiths of the 1560s, it tends to be confused with the Counter-Reformation.
Summary |
Spiritual renewal
The Catholic Reformation takes place in a wide longing for religious reform and renewal that runs through the Christian West since the fifteenth century.
The fourteenth century and following centuries saw a renewed spirit in Europe, where the question of salvation is central. Many theologians back on the foundations of Christianity and question their spirituality. Their work spread, seminars and debates are held throughout Europe in the fifteenth andsixteenth centuries. Parallel to this work of theological criticism has come also on religious practice, attitudes and positions of the clergy of the Church. Currents of thought are many and varied, but the ideas of reform and renewal are spreading among the clergy. Some positions away more and more official positions of the Church, those disagreements lead to a rupture and the creation of Protestant churches. However, current reformers and conservatives remain within the Catholic Church, while Protestant reforms organized in Europe and spread within populations.
The revival of religious orders
Regular orders begin a first reform effort during the fourteenth century. The bubble of 1336 Benedictine reform the Benedictines and Cistercians. In 1525, Matteo Bassa Da proposes to restore the rule Franciscan in its original state, giving rise to the order of Capuchins , recognized by the Pope in 1619 . Finally, the Society of Jesus gets its canonical recognition in 1540.
In 1524, Rome priests begin to live in community around St. Philip Neri. The Oratory will give institutions in 1564 and are known as order by the pope in 1575. They use music and song to attract the faithful .
The spiritual revival in France
Catholic reform in France occurs later in society than in traditional order. This is the seventeenth century, particularly with the advent of reform Carmels Teresian in France from 1604 and the lifting of major figures who form what that Henri Bremond called the French School of spirituality around the christocentricity of Berulle stone that is forged spiritual renewal. The particular emphasis on the Incarnation is about contemplation and creative action, constituting the originality of French spirituality.
The authors were able to qualify in France this century the "century of souls rightly so said Daniel-Rops , spiritual renaissance comparable to that of Spain in the sixteenth century. The Priests of Saint Sulpice , the Eudists , the Vincentians , the Oratory of Cardinal Berulle and Charles de Condren and laity, as Ms. Acarie , Gaston de Renty , and evangelists of Canada directly from the reformist currents that time.
Figures also mark the history of French society and the Church in general, as St. Vincent de Paul , Olier who both rely on the major seminaries, which did not exist before. St. John Eudes and later Father de Montfort evangelize the countryside.
References
See also
- Ms. Acarie
- Cardinal Berulle
- French school of spirituality
- Oratory Society of Jesus
- History of the Catholic Church
Bibliography
- Guy Bedouelle, catholiciscme Reform (1480-1620), Paris, Editions du Cerf, 2002
- Raymond Deville, The French school of spirituality, Paris, Descle de Brouwer, 1987
- Arlette Jouanna <<Rforme, Rformation>> in France from the Renaissance, History and Dictionary, Robert Laffont, Paris, 2001 1036-1038
- Daniel-Rops , History of the Church of Christ, Volume VII, Paris, Fayard
- Marc Venard, "Reformation Prrfrome, Counter-Reformation ... Study vocabulary among recent historians of the French language>> in P. Joutard, Historiography of the Reformation, Paris, Montreal and Neuchatel, 1977, p. 252-265
- Jean Delumeau and Thierry Wanegffelen, Birth and affirmation of the Reformation, Paris, 1997
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