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Caral

Pyramids of Caral Contact 10 53 '30 "South
77 31 '17 "West / -10.89167, -77.52139 Country

Peru Type Cultural Criteria (Ii) (iii) (iv) Area 626 ha Number
Identification 1269 Region Latin America and the Caribbean ** Year Registration 2009 ^(33rdSession )

* Name UNESCO
** UNESCO Geographical Classification change

The archaeological site of Caral, located in the desert near the Pacific coast of Peru , in Lima region , province of Barranca, 180 km north of Lima, is the remnant of the oldest city in pre-Columbian America known date. It was built by a civilization known as Caral , also known as Norte Chico or Caral Supe. Carbon-14 analysis of reeds found in it date from its construction between 2000 and 2600 years BC, making it the oldest American city and one of the oldest in the world, contemporary of the great pyramids of Egypt.

The sacred city of Caral-Supe (Peru), the oldest city in the Americas, was inscribed on the World Heritage List of Unesco June 28, 2009.

Summary

1 Description
2 Pyramids
3 The assumption of the "Mother City"
4 See also
- 4.1 Article Related
- 4.2 Link external

Description

The site of Caral, named after the nearest village, is actually a collection of archaeological sites that have hosted the first American civilization between 2627 and 2100 years before Christ.

The local population is then estimated between 5 and 10 thousand inhabitants spread over forty sites (18 listed on that day that Caral, Miraya, Lurihuasi, Pueblo Nuevo, Era de Pando, Allpacoto, Peico, El Molino, Piedra Parada, Aspero, Chupacigarro, Huacache, Cerro Blanco, Cerro Colorado, Jaiva, Pando, Liman and Capilla) which are located in the Supe Valley, on both sides of the Supe River (right bank and left) and four adjacent valleys. They are remote from each other a few kilometers.

Pyramids

Above the banks of the Rio Supe, an area of 65,000 square meters stand six pyramids reflecting the culture prior to the Incas.

To determine the age of those high stone structures, Ruth Shady Solis and colleagues radiocarbon dated ... reeds. The workers who built the pyramids, in fact, transported the rocks from the river to the site in bags of reeds (las Chicras). But rather than empty their bag, they threw him with its contents in the pyramid. Good predictors of the time, left intact by the dry weather of Peru.

The pyramids, surrounded by several houses themselves are placed around a large public square. Provided a stairway, these pyramids are not pointed like those of Egypt : they end with a flat floor where a few rooms and a fireplace. The pyramid majeure, it has the size of four football fields and amphitheater located in the middle can contain hundreds of people. The largest pyramid is 18 meters and has a base of 150 by 160 meters.

The hypothesis of the "Mother City"

It could correspond to a type of "Mother City", home or civilization. In these places, families have come together to move from small groups to groups organized and prioritized, focused on the politics and religion , the first step towards civilization as such.

Among the artifacts found by archaeologists include musical instruments, made from bones of pelicans and condors , as well as suggestive evidence that this civilization was using drugs , perhaps even an aphrodisiac. By no cons pottery was found. Research of Dr. Shady Solis emerge the following conclusions: that the inhabitants of the city of Caral have lived in peace.

Caral, was discovered in 1905 , has remained unexplored because she harbored no pottery or gold, and probably still has much to reveal. Only in the 1990s that Ruth Shady Solis began to update these sites.

Panorama of the site of Caral

Archaeological sites of Peru
Major archaeological sites Chan Chan Choquequirao Nazca Lines Kuelap Machu Picchu Sacsayhuamn
Other archaeological sites Acaray Aspero Bandurria Batn Great Buena Vista Cahuachi Cajamarquilla Carajia Caral Cerro Patapoe Chanquillo Chavin de Huantar Coricancha Cota Coca Cumbe Mayo El Brujo Garagay Gran Pajatn Gran Vilaya Guitarrero Huaca de la Luna Huaca del Sol Huaca Huallamarca Huaca Pucllana Huaca Rajada Huayna Picchu Huilcahuain Incahuasi, Ayacucho Incahuasi, Caete Intihuatana Jiskairumoko Jaquijahuana Kuntur Wasi Lake of the Condors Llactapata Miculla Moray Muyucmarca Pachacamac Pikillacta Pikimachay Piruro Psac Puca Pucara Pumacocha Puruchuco Puyupatamarca Qenko Qoriwayrachina Raqchi Revash Rumicolca Sayhuite Sechin, Peru Sillustani Sipan Tambo Colorado Tambomachay Tarahuasi Tipn cave Toquepala Toro Muerto Tcume Uchkus-Inkaan Sacred Valley of Incas Vilcabamba Vilcashuaman Vitcos Wiay Wayna

Other archaeological sites
Acaray Aspero Bandurria Batn Great Buena Vista Cahuachi Cajamarquilla Carajia Caral Cerro Patapoe Chanquillo Chavin de Huantar Coricancha Cota Coca Cumbe Mayo El Brujo Garagay Gran Pajatn Gran Vilaya Guitarrero Huaca de la Luna Huaca del Sol Huaca Huallamarca Huaca Pucllana Huaca Rajada Huayna Picchu Huilcahuain Incahuasi, Ayacucho Incahuasi, Caete Intihuatana Jiskairumoko Jaquijahuana Kuntur Wasi Lake of the Condors Llactapata Miculla Moray Muyucmarca Pachacamac Pikillacta Pikimachay Piruro Psac Puca Pucara Pumacocha Puruchuco Puyupatamarca Qenko Qoriwayrachina Raqchi Revash Rumicolca Sayhuite Sechin, Peru Sillustani Sipan Tambo Colorado Tambomachay Tarahuasi Tipn cave Toquepala Toro Muerto Tcume Uchkus-Inkaan Sacred Valley of Incas Vilcabamba Vilcashuaman Vitcos Wiay Wayna

World Heritage in Peru
Cultural	City of Cuzco (1983) Archaeological Site of Chavin (1985) Chan Chan Archaeological Zone (1986) Historic Centre of Lima (1988) Lines and geoglyphs of Nasca and Pampas de Jumana (1994) Historic Centre Arequipa (2000) Sacred City of Caral-Supe (2009)
Natural	Huascaran National Park (1985) Manu National Park (1987)
Mixed	Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu (1983) Abiseo River National Park (1990)
List of World Heritage in Africa America Asia and Oceania in Europe