Callistus I
Callistus (or Calixtus and St. Callistus) is the 16thbishop of Rome. Born in 155 from a family of slaves of Greek origin who lived in the neighborhood of Trastevere in Rome. His feast is celebrated on October 14.
Summary |
His name is Greek for "most beautiful" (Kallistos). He became a Christian in adulthood. He worked in the service of an officer of the emperor Commodus appointed Carpophorus, who was also Christian. His teacher instructed him to manage his property. Business relationship with the Jewish community of Rome, he made the wrong operation, panicked, fled, was eventually caught and imprisoned in a dungeon.
Fruiting body, which he wore in high esteem, releasing him, thinking he would be able to recover money lost. For this purpose, Calixte entered the synagogue one day Sabbath to claim the money they owed him. The Jewish community put him at the door and handed him over to the prefect Tuscianus by denouncing him as a Christian.
He was sentenced to sulfur mines of Sardinia. He then worked for three years from mineral extraction, demonstrating dedication to other convicts.
The mistress of the emperor at the time, Commodus (chest), knew the young Calixte, and obtained it was released and freed about 190 , he spent several years Antium southeast of Rome on a mission to Victor I st. Zphyrin , upon his election as pope in 199 , called at his side, making his personal secretary and qu'archidiacre of the city.
For Hippolytus of Rome , one of the priests of Rome's most educated and most intelligent, it is "an ambitious, greedy, a calibrated". The violence of the tone suggests that Callistus is undoubtedly a character that leaves no one indifferent. But be wary of the verve of Hippolytus, whose objectivity is more than doubtful. He himself was a candidate to succeed Zphyrin but was preferred by Calixte 217 during the reign of Emperor Caracalla.
Calixte was also the creator of the first Christian cemetery which was built in the tufa on Via Appia and which now bears the name " Catacomb of St. Callistus. He also inaugurated a new habit: now, three times a year, the Saturday before the harvest, the harvest and the beginning of the olive harvest, we observe a fast in order to attract the blessings of heaven.
During his pontificate he recognized five years as a valid marriage between slaves and free women and agreed to the remarriage of widows and their eventual entry into the clergy. In addition he made use of avail absolve all sins. It is finally an experienced financial, rather rare phenomenon at the head of the Roman Church, and gives the latter a hitherto unparalleled prosperity.
He died on 14 October 222 in the neighborhood of Trastevere , the victim of a riot against Christians following the assassination of Emperor Elagabalus. Defenestrated, then thrown into a pit covered with rubble, he was removed by a priest after a fortnight. He was buried in haste at the foot of the stairs in the catacomb of Calpode on the Via Aurelia. It is to date the first bishop of Rome which we have found the burial.
Subsequently, the Popes (up Eutychianus in 283 ), were interred in the burial chamber which is reserved in the " Catacombs of St. Callistus , with the exception of Cornelius.
This is the fourth century that Calixtus was declared a martyr and canonized.
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| Preceded by | Callistus I. | Followed by | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zphyrin |
| Urban I. |
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