Bithynia
Bithynia (in ancient Greek / is a former kingdom in north-western Asia Minor , now located in Turkey. Located on the shores of the Euxine , it was limited by the Paphlagonia to the east, Galatia and Phrygia to the south, Propontis and Mysia to the west.
Summary |
The Bithynians are, according to Herodotus and Xenophon , the original Thracian. They first formed an independent state before being annexed by Croesus , which adds to their territory Lydia. They then dominated Persian , which is included in Bithynia the satrap of Phrygia.
But even before Alexander the Great , Bithynia regains its independence. Nicomedes I was the first to proclaim himself king. During his long reign ( -278 / -243 ), the kingdom prospers and enjoys a respected position among the smaller kingdoms of Asia Minor. However, the last king, Nicomedes IV , fails to contain the King Mithridates VI of the bridge. Restored to the throne by the Roman Empire , he bequeathed his kingdom to Rome in -74. Bithynia becomes a Roman province. Under Augustus it became a province senatorial -27 then imperial province in 135.
List of Kings of Bithynia
- -322 / -315 : Low, dynast
- -315 / -278 : I Zipots , dynast then king in -297
- -278 / -250 / -243 : Nicomedes I.
- -250 / -243 / -228 : Zlas
- -250 / -243 : Zipots III
- -228 / -180 : Prusias I Cholos
- -180 / -168 : Platea Cynegos
- -149 / -127 : Nicomedes II Epiphanes
- -127 / -94 : Nicomedes III Evergetes
- -94 / -74 : Nicomedes IV Philopator
Queen of Bithynia
According to Suetonius, who tells in his work (Life of Julius Caesar, XLIX, 3), Julius Caesar was known to his soldiers "Queen of Bithynia" because he had a homosexual relationship in his youth with the King of Bithynia Nicomedes IV.
The Roman province of Bithynia
Under Trajan , it is joined to the province's Bridge.
The major cities of Bithynia are Nicomedia (now Izmit ) and Nicaea , which compete for the title of capital depending on the time and that Heraclea of Pontus (or simply Heraclea), Prusa (now Bursa ) and Chalcedon. There are also Byzantium , which, although located in Thrace , depends sporadically in the province of Bithynia, particularly during the governorship of Pliny the Younger.
The most famous is probably Bithynian Antinous , the lover of Emperor Hadrian. Dionysius of Heraclea is also linked to the region and the Empress Salonina Cornelia , wife of the emperor Gallienus , who would be born. The orator Dio of Prusa , known for his many speeches, is another famous Bithynian.
The Byzantine province Bithynia
During late antiquity and the Middle Ages, Bithynia was an area of the Byzantine Empire.
Many monasteries were founded and maintained themselves.
St. Abraham there was bishop of Crater (now Guereda in Turkey ) in the fifth century.
See also
| Iberian Peninsula | Betic Lusitania Tarraconaise (or Hispania Hither , the Gallaecia detached briefly under Caracalla) |
| Gaul and Germania | Aquitaine Belgium Lower Germany Upper Germany Lyon Narbonne Noricum Rhaetia |
| Great Britain | Britain (until 210, then Britains lower and upper ) |
| Alps, Italy and surrounding | Italy (special status regiones XI) Alps Cottian grated Alpes Alpes-Maritimes Pennine Alps Corsica-Sardinia Sicily |
| Illyria, Greece and the Balkans | Achaea Dalmatia (or Illyrian ) Epirus Macedonia Lower Moesia ( Aurelian Dacia detached to 270) Moesia Superior Lower Pannonia Upper Pannonia Thrace |
| Dacia and around | Dacia (up to 129, then Dacies lower , upper and Porolissensis to Marcus Aurelius, then Three Dacies up to 270) |
| Anatolia and the Caucasus | Asia proconsular Bithynia - Bridge Cappadocia Cilicia Cyprus Galatia Lycia - Pamphylia Osroene (from 195) Mesopotamia (from 198) |
| Middle East | Saudi Judea (up to Hadrian and Syria-Palestine ) Syria (until 197, then Coele Syria and Syria-Phoenicia ) Armenia (115-117) Assyria (115 - 117) Mesopotamia (115-117 ) |
| Africa | Proconsular Africa ( Numidia detached from 193) Cyrenaica - Crete Egypt Cesarean Mauretania Mauretania Tingitana |
| Ancient Rome series | |
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