Bisexual
Bisexuality (a word formed from the prefix (two) and "sexuality" Origins of the word Originally, the term applied to biology , then he took the meaning of a bio-psychological predisposition to both male and female fit for any human being. This predisposition augurs nothing sexual behavior itself. It should not be confused with the androgyny , that is to say a human being whose appearance can not decide which sex it belongs. When a person is physically carrier of both sexes, we speak rather of hermaphrodite. We distinguish the behavior of bisexuality as "psychological bisexuality" theorized including Wilhelm Fliess and Freud would be the basis psychic unconscious of every human being. According to Freud in Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality. Bisexuals (the) s may have simultaneous relationships with partners of either sex, practice monogamy in series with the partners of one sex or the other, interacting more or less with long-term partners one sex or practicing celibacy. Bisexuality refers to the desires and self-concept, not necessarily behavior. In its current meaning, it refers to behaviors and sexual attraction or sentimental for females or male, either simultaneously or alternately. Acted bisexuality is a sexual orientation characterized by love or sexual desire for both genders, different from the homosexual and the heterosexual (which are monosexuality ) of pansexuality or omnisexualit (which are bisexuality as the polysexuality ) or of asexuality. Why are there bisexual activity among hominids ? In the 2000s , research in neuroscience have shown that humans stimulate their erogenous zones because it provides rewards / reinforcements in the brain . These awards , especially the climax , are perceived in terms of consciousness as sensations of pleasure and erotic pleasures. In simple terms, human beings seek sexual activities as they provide intense erotic pleasures. In the human being (and the chimpanzee , the bonobo , the orang utan and dolphin ), sexual behavior is no longer a breeding behavior , but becomes an erotic behavior . During the evolution , the importance and influence of hormones and pheromones , on sexual behavior has decreased. Instead, the importance of awards has become a major . In humans, the purpose of sexual behavior is more vaginal intercourse but the search for pleasure erotic stimulation provided by the body and erogenous zones . For these reasons, it is observed that almost all primates have bisexual activities , , especially the chimpanzee Pan paniscus (bonobo) , that sexually liberal societies in children and adolescents are active bisexual , , , and that apparently existed in all societies of ancient warriors, before the advent of religions today that are unfavorable to sexuality, bisexual practices generalized . The major influence in the cultural context of sexual orientation is well demonstrated by example in the Greek Society of Antiquity , where the woman had an inferior position to men. The love the most desirable, the "heavenly love," was gay , . Heterosexuality was devalued, the wives used to have a legitimate offspring and a faithful guardian at home . All these data suggest that there is a significant tendency to bisexuality in humans. So why bisexuality is it not widespread in Western societies today? Take into account the great West cultural enhancement of the heterosexual couple, a very strong homophobia , and especially a strong one hand monosexualisme explaining that bisexuals are often rejected by heterosexual and also by the gay (see on Biphobia ), and secondly that bisexuality does not exist in practices and cultural values , and therefore it is extremely difficult to live a bisexual . Nevertheless, despite biphobia , the homophobia and heterocentrism , there is still that between one third and half of the western people had at least a bisexual experience , but probably most people, because all the difficulties and psychological pressures outlined above, comply with practices and dominant values. For all these reasons, bisexuality is biologically normal and can not be considered an act against nature, a disease or a psychological disorder. In humans, the purpose of erotic behavior is the pursuit of sexual pleasures, new, varied and intense, "regardless of sex or gender of partner (s) " . It is important to keep in mind that the terms of heterosexuality, bisexuality, homosexuality, and usually sexual orientation correspond to modern sociological constructs that are not necessarily appropriate in these historical contexts, as do ancient societies reflected not in the same terms and that we were not using our current categorization of sexual orientation. It is not absurd to suppose that, historically, it has been people experiencing attractions that we would now call heterosexual, homosexual or bisexual, but these attractions were not part of the same social settings (Freedoms , constraints, modes of sociability, etc.). and so do not take the same form. If one tries to observe the behavior bisexual and their acceptance or rejection in different societies throughout history, it appears that bisexuality is a universal story, according to most historical sources and literature. In most known societies, people have shown varying degrees of bisexuality, and without that this behavior was considered abnormal. Most bisexual relationships were attached either to a period of life (like the shudo in the pre-modern Japan ) or a third gender (as in the Two-Spirits North American Indians or Bacchis of Central Asia ). Rather, gay men and heterosexual behavior, although also present, which appear to be exceptions everywhere, except in societies influenced by the Abrahamic religions ( Judaism , Islam and Christianity some churches ), where Bisexual and homosexual behavior are strongly repressed heterosexuality and encouraged. Much of what we call homosexuality in ancient cultures is in fact a form of bisexuality, to the extent that homosexual practices and relationships are rarely designed to exclude any heterosexual relationship (unlike the current categorization in which a gay person is attracted only by those persons of the same sex). The history of female bisexuality is more difficult to establish, as far as the best-known companies were generally patriarchal and where various sources tell us more about relationships between men. In ancient Greece , it seems that men turn homosexual behavior, bisexual and heterosexual majority. Homosexuality was associated with the teenager , followed by a phase characterized by a relationship bisexuality pederasty and adult men are married, children and adopted a primarily heterosexual behavior. The Ancient Rome , the China and Japan are also experiencing similar models Ancient Greece In ancient Greece , the practice of homosexuality is part of a conception of sexual and emotional life that takes a sequential bisexuality . Initially, from puberty, the boy is old enough to be courted by men of mature age, and link with one of them a pederast relationship in which he is the eromene ( "the beloved"). This type of relationship does not prevent the young man also about to be drawn by young men of his age, whether boys or girls. When the boy finished his puberty, he begins to have a beard, he is obliged to phase out its role eromene, and is considering marrying. Once adult, mature man can have sex with men, but this time as an erastes ("lover"), with younger men as he woos itself was courted as a teenager. The social model therefore coincide ages with different roles in the relationship. The adult male has the right to have homosexual relations with young people, as he courts them in the rules, but it is frowned upon to come to disdain any relationship with women: the homosexuality such that one sees it today, that is to say an attraction entirely oriented towards the same sex, was not accepted. Moreover, it is normal for a young man to be passive in the relationship, an adult male must take the active role: it was sometimes frowned upon as an adult continues to take a passive role in a relationship. Forms of this type of relationship, and their admission or rejection by society, are highly variable according to the Greek cities and the authors addressing the subject. Thus Plato defends it a thoroughly educational relationship pederast , in rejecting the sexual component. We must keep a certain distance to these texts, since it is very possible that some authors have attempted to minimize this aspect or, conversely, to exalt. Sources show in any case clearly the existence of these relationships, whether relationships very codified the pederasty or otherwise of prostitution. Anyway, loves homosexuals as heterosexuals are extensively discussed by ancient Greek art, both the ceramic as literature. A common theme is the comparison of love girls and love of boys found in the dialogue on the love of Plutarch , Love in the pseudo- Lucian or in the novel Greek and Leucippe Clitophon of Achilles Tatius . Plutarch said that "he who loves human beauty and fairly will be favorably disposed toward both sexes, instead of assuming that men and women differ in respect to love, as in the garment" Rome Bisexuality is the sexual orientation "normal" among the Romans , . Their rule of moral behavior requires a free man must be active, that is to say, be the one who enters: passivity in a free citizen is infamous, and lost all honor to him who has to penetrate. Consequently, we can not penetrate, outside his wife, no free woman, single or married, and no free man: if two men have sex free, passive man is, in theory, severely punished. If an adult has sex with a young citizen not reached puberty, he is also punished. Slaves and those who are not Roman men and women, children, adolescents or adults, are available to their masters. The philosopher Seneca summarizes this principle in these terms: "The passivity of a man sexually free is a crime, in a slave, a bond, with the prepaid service . Thus the speaker Cicero has a wife (and son), but he prefers the charms of her young slave-secretary favorite . Homosexuals have sometimes adopted the label "bisexual (it)" so as to keep the privilege of heterosexuality. Follows the belief that all those who identify as bisexual (the) s are actually gay or lesbians are afraid to admit it. This misconception, however, said one of the adages of gay culture: "Bi now, gay later". Many bisexuals feel no real place in the gay community or the heterosexual world. Because they tend to remain invisible to the public (living without attracting the attention of companies homosexual and heterosexual), bisexual couple (the) s have formed their own communities and their own movements. " Biphobia "is a neologism characterizing a person believing that bisexuality does not exist, that is to say, believing that one can be heterosexual or homosexual, or having adverse stereotypes about bisexuality, such as that being bisexual would unfaithful or unstable. The bit pattern that does not recognize that the heterosexuality and homosexuality is still dominant, despite the de facto practices of many adult bisexual heterosexual or homosexual said highlighted by studies such as the Kinsey reports . For more visibility and to create a symbol for the bisexual community gathering, Michael Page created the bisexual pride flag in 1998, modeled on the flag rainbow sky to increase the visibility of bisexual community LGBT. The flag has a bisexual pink stripe at the top for homosexuality, a blue stripe at the bottom for heterosexuality and purple in the middle to represent bisexuality, purple being the combination of red and blue. The latter is smaller than the others, thus representing the invisibility of bisexual (the) s in society. The "double crescent" moons bisexual represents two opposing tangents and at one point. Used mainly in Germany, it was designed in 1998 by Vivian Wagner with the assistance of a team, to provide another symbol that the pink triangle , unpopular because of its connection with the deportation of homosexuals under Nazi . A day of bisexuality was established in 1999. It is celebrated on September 23 by bisexuals worldwide. It gives rise to various militant initiatives to communicate with the public and fight against the biphobia. In biology
In psychoanalysis
Sexual orientation or behavior
Basis and prevalence of bisexuality
Kinsey Scale
Score Explanation 0 Exclusively heterosexual (the) 1 Predominantly heterosexual, homosexual experience (on) 2 Predominantly heterosexual, homosexual occasionally (on) 3 Bisexual without preference 4 Predominantly homosexual, heterosexual occasionally (on) 5 Predominantly homosexual, heterosexual experience (on) 6 Exclusively homosexual (the) Bisexuality in history
Japan
Bisexuality in Western culture
Symbols bisexual
Flag of Bisexual Pride
Other symbols
Day of the Bisexuality
Representations of Bisexuality in the arts
Cinema: Chronological filmography
Theatre
Comics and manga
Music and Lyrics
Web-series
References
Bibliography
On bisexuality today
On Bisexuality in history
TV Documentaries
Radio Show
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