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Bengal

24 00'N 88 00'E / 24, 88

Location map of Bengal.

This article is part of the series

History of India

Periods

Ancient India

Delhi Sultanate

Mughals

Maratha Period

British India

British Raj

From 1947 to Today

Summary

1 The early period
2 The medieval period
3 The modern period
4 The Scores
5 See also
6 External link

The early period

Bengal becoming a political entity under the Buddhist kings Pala who rule the ^eighth to ^eleventh century. It is a period of language development and Bengali literature, the agriculture is thriving, trade encouraged. They were soon replaced by the dynasty of Hindu Sena , came from Karnataka. Under their reign, the influence of Buddhism is reduced, the caste system became more rigid, the bureaucracy, feudalism grow strongly, however the country closes in on itself and the trade there has not much prestige. It is also the period when Islam reached the north-east of the sub-continent and settled in Magadha. At the end of this early period, Bengal has its own language and script, its own cultural and artistic styles, it is self-sufficient in terms of food.

The medieval period

Although present in India since the ^seventh century , the Muslims slowly down the Ganges valley and arrive in India is that the XII ^century. Bengal was conquered by Muhammad Ghura to 1199. It then becomes dependent on those in power in Delhi , its growing independence when the central authority weakens.

Ilyas Shahi dynasty ( 1339 - in 1415 and one thousand four hundred thirty-seven - one thousand four hundred eighty-seven ), Bengal is a power strong and united, interrupted by the parenthesis of the Hindu dynasty Ganesha, landowners who seized power carried by the discontent due to the shelved by the Hindus to Muslims. The short dynasty Abyssinians (in 1487 - 1493 ) was overthrown by his minister Husain Shah Hussain, who established his own dynasty (one thousand four hundred and ninety-three - 1538 ) and extended its territory with portions of Bihar and Assam. The Portuguese settled in Bengal ( Chittagong , 1537 ) during this period. After the struggle for power between Humayun and Sher Shah Suri , Bengal eventually become a province of the Mughal Empire , headed by governors enjoyed a certain independence.

The modern period

Main article: Presidency of Bengal.

Having been treated by the British surgeon Hamilton, Emperor Farrukhsiyr grants in 1717 , his countrymen significant commercial benefits. In 1764 , the Mughal Shah Alam II granted the Diwani (business income) of Bengal, Bihar and the Orissa to the British East India Company against payment of Rs 3.2 million per year. In 1769 , the British restrict the rights of Bengalis to market certain products, the same year and next, a terrible famine killed 10 million people, or one third of the population. From this period, the history of Bengal mingles with that of the British administration and its Governors General ( 1773 - 1833 ).

Partitions

In 1905 , Bengal, considered too extensive to be administered properly known partition initiated by Lord Curzon , which led to the creation of a West Bengal state in India with the current bundled with the Bihar and Orissa , to an East Bengal, roughly corresponding to present-day Bangladesh, the Assam , Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Meghalaya and Mizoram known as the Eastern Bengal and Assam province with its capital Dhaka in Bangladesh today. This triggered a large partition discontent among the Bengalis, feeling reached in the integrity of their nation and causing a wave of terrorism against the British administration. Then in 1915 , the capital of the Empire went from Calcutta to Delhi.

In 1943, Bengal is experiencing a famine disaster whose balance sheet is estimated between 1.5 and 3 million deaths.

The East Bengal underwent a final partition at independence in 1947, which led to the formation of East Pakistan in 1956. It will get its independence in 1971 under the name of Bangladesh.