Artistic Representation Of Jesus Christ
The artistic representation of Jesus Christ, since the rise of Christianity, became a major theme in Western art, and in Eastern Europe. Jesus Christ has been represented in different ways over the ages, and to illustrate the different moments of his life.
The iconography of Christ based on the four gospels: Matthew , Luke , Mark and John. However, the gospels refer to different passages in the life of Jesus, adding or omitting details or events.
From the first time the development of the Christian religion, many scholars will attempt to establish harmonious gospel. This is the case of the Syrian Tatian , who in his work Diatessaron will, from the second century , establishing a concordance of the Gospels.
Changes in representation of Christ
From the Life of Christ and associated works
Childhood
Nativity
The iconography of Christ begins with the Nativity , representing the birth of Jesus in the manger. The first representations of the Nativity did not show barns, and depict a virgin lactating. The scene freezes later in the idea of birth in a stable. We place an ox and an ass (not present in the Gospels). Joseph is often depicted asleep.
- Piero della Francesca
- Sandro Botticelli
- Francesco Botticini
- Pietro Cavallini
- Fra Angelico (1439)
- Lorenzo Costa
- Domenico Ghirlandaio
- Ridolfo del Ghirlandaio
- Giotto di Bondone
- Hans Baldung
- Charles Le Brun
- The Tres Riches Heures du Duc de Berry
- Perugino
- Stefan Lochner
- Schongauer
- Lorenzo Lotto in a Nativity where we see Jesus in his bath and umbilical cord (1527). National Gallery of Siena
Adoration of the Magi
- Benozzo Gozzoli : The Chapel of the Magi in Palazzo Medici Riccardi in Florence.
- Sandro Botticelli (1475): many, including the Adoration of the Magi of 1475 Medicean
- Masaccio (1423)
- Andrea Mantegna (1464)
- Jacopo Bellini (1430-1440)
- Perugino
- Pontormo (1519)
- Jean Jouvenet (1700)
Adoration of the Shepherds
- Andrea Mantegna (1451)
- Giorgione (1477)
- Schongauer (1475)
- Bronzino
- Perugino
- Correggio
- El Greco : several, including the Adoration of the Shepherds of 1612-1614
Circumcision
- Simone dei Crocifissa (XIV century), Pinacoteca of Bologna
- Rubens , reredos of the altar, church del Ges e dei Santi Ambrogio e Andrea, center of Genoa
- Master of scenes from the life of the Virgin, Venetian fifteenth century in the Louvre Museum
- It Garofalo (XVI century)
- Il Guercino (1646) at the Muse des Beaux-Arts de Lyon
- Federico Barocci (XVI century)
- Andrea Boscoli the Duomo di Fermo
- Andrea Mantegna (1464-1470), right panel of the triptych of the Uffizi in Florence.
Presentation of Jesus in the Temple
- Fra Angelico (1440)
- Ambrogio Lorenzetti
- Hans Memling
- Fra Bartolomeo (1516)
- Hans Holbein the Elder (c. 1500).
- Philippe de Champaigne
- Aert de Gelderland (circa 1700)
- Jean Jouvenet
- Sbastien Bourdon (1644)
- The Uffizi triptych of Andrea Mantegna panel contains a representative at the same time the Circumcision and Presentation in the Temple.
Flight into Egypt
- Rest on the Flight into Egypt (including that of Caravaggio in 1596)
- The Flight into Egypt by Nicolas Poussin (1657), deposition of the Louvre to the Muse des Beaux-Arts de Lyon.
- Bartolome Esteban Murillo , Fuga in Egitto, Palazzo Bianco in the Strada Nuova (Genoa)
- Andrea Lanzani (1712)
- Giotto di Bondone
- Fra Angelico
- Duccio (1308-1311)
- Vittore Carpaccio (1500)
- Philipp Otto Runge (XIX century
In the Arms of Joseph
- Guido Reni (1635)
Madonna (Virgin and Child)
- The Virgin Adoring the Child Albrecht Drer (1496)
- Matthias Grnewald (1512)
- Francesco Ubertino (1540)
- Pontormo (1518)
Lady Reading
Mary and Child in contemplation before an open book:
- several versions of the Madonna leggente of Raphael
- Madonna Pasadena (1503), Norton Simon Museum
- Madonna Solly (1504),
- Madonna Connestabile (1504), State Hermitage Museum , St. Petersburg
- Madonna Colonna , Gemldegalerie , Berlin
- Alba Madonna (1511), National Gallery of Art , Washington
- Fresco in the Casa Santi Urbino
- Madonna che legge al bambino (1500 approx.) Giorgione , Ashmolean Museum.
- Madonna col Bambino che legge (1443), possibly Jan van Eyck , National Gallery of Victoria , Melbourne
- Madonna che legge (1508), of Paolo Morando , Museo di Villa Cagnola The Gazzada
- Madonna's book (it:) by Botticelli , Museo Poldi Pezzoli , Milan
- Madonna mit dem Kinde lesenden (1433), Jan van Eyck
Tables on the same subject without the title is explicit:
- Butinone Bernardino (c. 1490), Pinacoteca di Brera , Milan
- Vittore Carpaccio (c. 1500)
- Rogier van der Weyden ,
- Lorenzo Monaco (1404), Museo della Collegiata Empoli
Jesus hanging the bodice of her mother
Stage of transition between the previous and the nursing sessions that will follow, scene even more intimate and human.
- versions of Raphael :
Mary suckling Jesus
Scene named Madonna del Latte for Italians:
- Barnaba da Modena , the Muse du Louvre
- Virgin of Lucca of Jan van Eyck (1436)
- Jean Fouquet (1450)
- Leonardo da Vinci (1490)
- David Gerard
- Bramantino
- Sticky: Defendente Ferrari
- Robert Campin
- El Greco
- Artemisia Gentileschi
- Jan Gossaert
- Francisco de Zurbarn
Mary of weaning
Holy Family
- Sainte Anne, the Virgin and Child Jesus of Leonardo da Vinci (1510)
- St. Elizabeth and his son Jean-Baptiste child with Mary and Jesus. Raphael (1507)
- Giorgione (1500), The National Gallery of Art, Washington DC
The son of God
Jesus in the Temple
- Jesus and the doctors of Giuseppe Ribera
- Mary found Jesus in the midst of the doctors in the temple Jacques Stella (XVII century),Muse des Beaux-Arts de Lyon
- by Duccio (1312)
- Christ returning to her parents after a dispute with the Doctors, Simone Martini
Baptism of Christ by John the Baptist
- Baptism of Christ by Piero della Francesca (1465)
- Titian (1512)
- Grammorseo Pietro (1523)
- Perugino , the Duomo of Citt della Pieve
Christ Blessing Jean-Baptiste
The Temptation of Christ
Miracles
Marriage at Cana
- The Tres Riches Heures du Duc de Berry (1409)
- The Marriage at Cana of Veronese (1563)
- Giotto (early fourteenth century)
- Leonardo da Vinci (work lost or destroyed)
- Gerard David (1501),
- Giuseppe Maria Crespi
The resurrection of Lazarus
- Juan of Flanders (1500)
- Jean Jouvenet (1706)
- It Morazzone (XVII century)
Jesus healing the two blind men at Jericho
- Nicolas Colombel
- Jean-Baptiste Frenet (1814-1889)
The healing of the paralytic at Capernaum
- Jean-Baptiste Frenet (1814-1889)
With the apostles
- Calling of St. Matthew Caravaggio (1599)
- Calling of St. Peter and St. Andrew Caravaggio (1601)
Walking on the waters of Lake Tiberias
- Giotto , monumental mosaic for the old Basilica St. Peter's in Rome , a work called The Navicella and its aftershocks:
- Francesco Berretta (1628), 740 cm x 990 cm, Fabbrica di San Pietro, Rome
- Guido Ubaldo Abbatini (1649) and restoration
- Parri Spinelli , multiple copies, the Louvre Museum in Paris, the Muse Bonnat in Bayonne (France) called The Miraculous Draught at the Metropolitan Museum in New York at Chantilly.
- Antoniazzo Romano , Muse du Petit Palais (Avignon)
- a href = "% C3% Ivan_A AFvazovski" title = "Ivan Aivazovsky"> Ivan Aivazovsky (1817-1900) Russian Armenian painter, Walking on Water (1888).
- Luis Borrassa , Catalan Gothic painter
- Francois Boucher , painter of the eighteenth century Rococo
- Amedee Varin , XIX century
Transfiguration
- Gentile Bellini : Trasfigurazione di Cristo (1480-1485), Capodimonte Museum of Naples.
- Lorenzo Lotto : The Transfiguration (1510-1512), Pinacoteca Comunale, Recanati
- Titian : The Transfiguration (1560), Church of Our Savior, Venice
- Gerard David : The Transfiguration of Christ (1520), OL Vrouwekerk, Bruges
- Raphael : The Transfiguration (1520), Vatican Museums
- Fra Angelico
- Peter Paul Rubens
The Miraculous Draught
- Jean Jouvenet (1706)
- Konrad Witz (1444)
Christ preaching
- Jean-Jacques Henner (XIX century) Paris
Christ and the adulteress
- Lorenzo Lotto in the Louvre and replicates late in the basilica of Loreto
- Scarsellino at the Louvre
- Nicolas Colombel
Jesus at Simon the Pharisee (washing of the feet of Christ by sinful woman)
- Rubens (1618)
- Nicolas Colombel
- Antonio Campi (1577)
Jesus chasing the merchants out of the Temple
- Charles Joseph Natoire
- Nicolas Colombel
- Rembrandt
- Giotto
- Christ Driving the Merchants from the Temple of Jacopo Bassano (1565)
- Nicolas Colombel
Arrival in Jerusalem
Entry into Jerusalem
- Anonymous: The entrance to Jerusalem miniature of St. Alban's Psalter (early twelfth century ), Historic Collection of University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen
- Giotto di Bondone : Entry into Jerusalem (1304-1306), Scrovegni Chapel , Padua
- James Ensor : Christ coming to "Brussels 1889" (1888), Getty Museum , Los Angeles
Washing of the Feet
- Duccio : The Washing of the feet (1308-1311), Museo dell'Opera Metropolitana del Duomo (Siena)
- Tintoretto: Christ washing the feet of his disciples (v. 1547-1549), Prado Museum , Madrid
The Last Supper
Or the Last Supper or Last Supper (Cena's "dinner")
- One of the earliest representations of gender (1476) in the refectory of the monastery of the Badia a Passignano is attributed to Domenico Ghirlandaio and his brother Davide Ghirlandaio
- The Last Supper of Leonardo da Vinci (1494-1498)
- by: Simon Ushakov (1626)
- Fra Angelico (1452)
- Domenico Ghirlandaio : 2 more to Ognissanti and the convent of San Marco
- The Tintoretto
- Andrea del Castagno (1445)
- Paolo Veronese (1571)
- Dirk Bouts
- Franois Verdier
- Juan de Juanes (multiple versions)
- Salvador Dal (1955)
The Mount of Olives
Agony in the Garden
Scene named exactly Agony in the Garden of Gethsemane
- Duccio (1308)
- Lorenzo Monaco (1408)
- Fra Angelico (1437)
- Andrea Mantegna (1455)
- Giovanni Bellini (1465)
- El Greco (1605)
Arrest in the Garden
- Cimabue
- Giotto (1266)
- Duccio (1308)
- Fra Angelico (1437)
- Hans Holbein (1523)
- The arrest of Christ in the Garden Caravaggio (1598)
- Sandro Botticelli
Passion of Christ
Christ's Farewell to his mother
- Correggio (1517)
- Bernhard Strigel (en) (1520)
Conviction
- Duccio before Pontius Pilate (1308-1311)
- Giotto di Bondone
- Matthias Grunewald
Ecce Homo
- Caravaggio (1607)
- Titian (1510)
- Mantegna (1500)
- Luis de Morales (XVI century)
- Schongauer (1450)
- Ciseri Antonio (XIX century)
- Antonello da Messina (1470) and (1473)
Mockery of Christ
- Matthias Grnewald (1504)
- Christ the outrages, Fra Angelico in the cell 23 of the convent of San Marco in Florence
- Cristo Deriso, it Morazzone , Corpus Christi College, Valencia
- by: Jan Sanders van Hemessen (1500), Muse de la Chartreuse de Douai
Flagellation of Christ
- Master Francke (1424)
- Flagellation of Christ by Piero della Francesca (1450)
- Carlo Crivelli (1468)
- Albrecht Altdorfer (1518)
- Weckmann Nikolaus (1520)
- Jehan de Beauce (XVI century)
- Caravaggio (1607), Christ at the column * Guercino (1657)
- The Flagellation of Our Lord Jesus Christ of William Bouguereau (1880)
The Crowning with Thorns
- Caravaggio (1603) and (1607)
Way of the Cross (14 tables)
Depending on the version allowed the 14 Stations of the Cross may vary.
Jesus is condemned
- ...
Jesus takes up his cross
- Meister von Astorga
- Matthias Grnewald (1523)
- Carrying the Cross Simone Martini (XIV century)
Veronica wipes the face of jesus
- Pontormo
- Bernard Buffet : Holy Face (1953), Tate Galleries
Christ's mercy
- Gerard de Saint-Jean (late fifteenth century)
- Giovanni Santi (1480)
Erection of the Cross
- Peter Paul Rubens (1610)
Crucifixion
- Matthias Grnewald (1500-1508) and (1523-1525) and Isenheim Altarpiece (1512)
- Perugino
- Jean Jouvenet (1705)
- Andrea Mantegna (1457)
- Antonello da Messina (1475)
- Raphael (1502-1503), National Gallery, London
Note the different postures of Christ Christus triumphans (triumphant), Christus patiens (resigned), or Christus dolens (suffering).
Calvary
- Andrea Mantegna (1457)
The side of Jesus is pierced with a spear
- Peter Paul Rubens (1620) (the spear)
Wounds of Christ
- Good breviary of Luxembourg, Duchess of Normandy, illumination
Christ surrounded by symbols of the Passion
- Roberto di Oderisio (1354)
- Christ the ravages of Fra Angelico
Christ bifrons
- Hans Hammer (1485) .
- Descent from the Cross of Fra Angelico (1432)
- Descent from the Cross of Rogier van der Weyden (circa 1435)
- Francesco Ubertino (1518)
- Pontormo (1525)
- Jean Jouvenet (1697)
The Dead Christ
- Hans Holbein the Younger (1521)
- Andrea Mantegna (1480)
Lament (Lamentation)
- Perugino (1495)
- Matthias Grnewald (1525)
- Andrea Mantegna : Lamentation over the Dead Christ (ca. 1480)
Mater Dolorosa, Pieta
- Piet and Saints of Annibale Carracci (1585)
- The Virgin supporting the Dead Christ of Hans Memling (1475)
- The dead Christ between the Virgin and St. John of Giovanni Bellini (1455) and Piet (1460)
- Perugino
- Andrea Mantegna
Entombment
Main article: Entombment.- Caravaggio (1602)
- Titian (1525) and (1566)
- Ciseri Antonio (XIX century)
Resurrection
Resurrection
- Caspar Isenmann (1462)
- Matthias Grnewald (1512)
- Resurrection of Piero della Francesca (1463)
- Johann Heinrich Wilhelm Tischbein
Appearance to Mary Magdalene
Main article: Noli Me Tangere.- Giotto (1320)
- Tilman Riemenschneider (1490-1492)
- Duccio (1308-1311)
- Fra Angelico (1440-1441)
- Federico Barocci
- Schongauer
- Gregorio de Ferrari , Palazzo Bianco, Genoa
- Titian
- Chick (1653)
- Correggio
- Bramantino
- Battistello Caracciolo
- Holbein (1524)
- Laurent de La Hyre (1656)
- Bruegel the Younger (1630)
- Cano (1640)
- William Etty
- Hans Baldung (1539)
- Veronese
- by: Jacob Cornelisz van Oostsanen (1507)
- Bronzino (1531)
- Hans Memling (1480)
- Giovanni Paolo Lomazzo
- Andrea del Sarto
Noli me tangere Fra Angelico , 1440-1441.
Noli Me Tangere, Holbein , 1532-1533.
Noli Me Tangere, Duccio di Buoninsegna , 1308-1311.
Noli Me Tangere, fresco, Giotto di Bondone , 1304-1306.
Christus als Grtner, Hans Baldung , 1539
Appearance of the apostles (Doubting Thomas)
- Caravaggio (1602)
- Francesco Rossi
The Supper at Emmaus
- Pontormo (1525)
- Caravaggio (1601) and (1606)
The rise in the sky
Ascension
- Giotto (1266)
- Andrea Mantegna (1461)
- The Tres Riches Heures du Duc de Berry (1412)
Christ Pantocrator
References
Sources
- Caravaggio by Roberto Longhi (French translation)
- The details for a story closer to the painting of Daniel Arasse
- The figures of Christ in art, history and literature, Paris, L'Harmattan, 2001.
External Links
