Appalachian
| Appalachian | |
 Location map of the Appalachians | |
| Geography | |
|---|---|
| Altitude | 2037 m, Mount Mitchell |
| Length | 2 400 km |
| Width | 480 km |
| Administration | |
| Country |  United States  Canada |
| Geology | |
| Age | Ordovician |
| Rocks | Rocks, metamorphic and sedimentary |
change  | |
The Appalachians are a mountain range located east of North America , which stretches from Newfoundland ( Canada ) north to the center of the State of Alabama to the south ( states United ). It culminates at Mount Mitchell (2,037 meters) in North Carolina.
The Appalachian Mountains divide the coastal plain Atlantic (east) Basin River Mississippi and Great Lakes (west). They stretch over nearly 2000 km long.
The exploitation of coal has greatly dwindled, and the industry Metallurgical is in big trouble.
Appalachia gave their name to a type of relief, appalachian , which means the remains of an ancient mountain high leveled. Long corridors run parallel to straight backs. The gorges Appalachian form narrow passages through the links of the mountain.
The Appalachian Trail traverses the summits in Maine until Georgia.
Summary |
Place names
The first mention of the name by Europeans dates back to June 15, 1528. It was made by Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca , and Panfilo de Narvez , members of the Narvez expedition, from Cuba. During their exploration of the northwest coast of Florida they discovered an Indian village near present-day Tallahassee , Florida. The name of the tribe was first transcribed "Apalchen" or "Apalachen Geography
The Appalachian Mountains occupy most of its U.S. territory and beyond the south-eastern Canada. It extends between latitude 49 N ( Chic-Choc Mountains in Quebec , Canada ) and latitude 32 N ( Alabama , USA ). The highest point in the Canadian portion of the massif is Mont Jacques-Cartier (1268 m). The Appalachians are a wide mountainous area of 160 to 480 km long and 2400 km between the island of Newfoundland and the center of Alabama. There are actually two sets of mountain ranges: the highest peaks at 2,037 meters above sea level at Mount Mitchell in North Carolina , which is the highest peak in the United States east of the Mississippi.
The name "Appalachian" (Appalachia in English) refers to several regions associated with mountains. Most of the time it is used to describe any chain with its surrounding hills and the dissected plateau. It is sometimes used in a narrower sense to designate the southern and central chain in the states of Kentucky , of Tennessee , of Virginia , of Maryland , of West Virginia and North Carolina.
Orogeny
The Appalachian Mountains formed in three main steps:
- The first phase, called the Taconic Orogeny occurs during the Ordovician , between -440 and -450 Ma Ma A string is then formed by the collision of an island arc with palaeocontinent Laurentia (now the North American plate and foundation of the Canadian Shield ). Part of the ocean Iapetus is filled.
- The Acadian orogeny marks a second phase in the formation of the Appalachians to My -400 / -360 Ma: the palaeocontinent Baltica (which corresponds to the current Western Europe) collided with Laurentia. At the northern Appalachians on current form a chain with granitic intrusions (eg Gaspsie ). Then this area is experiencing severe erosion. In the south, and island arc terrane of Avalonia ( Newfoundland , Nova Scotia and New England ) collided with Laurentia, closing the western part of the Iapetus Ocean. This process causes the elevation of sediments of oceanic origin and volcanism.
- The orogeny Alleghanian constitutes the third stage of formation of the Appalachians. Gondwana, specifically the north-west Africa now faces the Laurasia, in the process of formation of the Pangea Permian-Pennsylvanian. This causes the elevation of the Appalachian metamorphic heart, the formation of faults and metamorphic. Erosion continues to produce large quantities of sediment are deposited in the shallow sea to the west of the Appalachians.
Flora and fauna
Vegetation
Vegetation depends on altitude, latitude and exposure: Alpine tundra covers the peaks of the eastern Gasp Fauna After the Seven Years War (1756-1763), the Great Britain acquires all French colonies in North America. The Royal Proclamation of 1763 aims to establish and organize the British colonial empire in the region. There is also talk to the Crown to pacify relations with Native Americans. It is intended to allay Indian fears of an influx of white farmers on their land. The Proclamation prohibited the inhabitants of the Thirteen Colonies to settle and buy land west of the watershed line that runs along the Appalachian Mountains . The Crown also reserves the monopoly in the acquisition of Indian lands and the King guaranteed the protection of indigenous peoples , . London had planned construction of British forts along the boundary settlement, this device would allow compliance with the Proclamation but also promote the fur trade with the Indians . The Royal Proclamation of 1763 raised the discontent of the American colonists who had already settled in the Indian territories. They had to make land and return to the Thirteen Colonies. Some were convinced that the king wished to confine American settlement on the coastal strip in order to better control . The settlers refused to finance the construction and maintenance of royal outposts on the line defined by the Proclamation. By closing the American settlement westward , Britain raised the discontent of farmers and landowners, in a context of population growth of 13 colonies. The natural resources of the Appalachian region are highlighted from the earliest colonial times: the most favorable soils are cultivated. The forests are exploited massive. The extraction of minerals ( copper , asbestos in the Canadian Channels part of the Appalachians From north to south, the Appalachians are composed of the following strings: History
Human Activities and Economic
Newfoundland and Labrador
Quebec
United States
See also
Notes
Related articles
External Links
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