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Apocrypha Bible


It describes as apocryphal (Greek / apkryphos, "hidden") a written "whose authenticity is not established" ( Littre ). In Bible , the phrase means, from the construction of guns , considered writing a non-authentic because judged by religious authorities as not inspired by God. However, St. Jerome called "Apocrypha Deuterocanonical books of the Old Testament and considered non-canonical.

The term "Apocrypha" is given by the Protestants to certain texts called Deuterocanonical by Catholics , who are in the Septuagint and the Vulgate but not in the biblical Hebrew. The books of the Old Testament that Catholics call "Apocrypha", are called " Pseudepigrapha "by Protestants.

Summary

Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha

Origen confuses two concepts:

" Deuterocanonical Books (Apocrypha in Protestantism)

Deuterocanonical (Greek second) means "come secondarily into the barrel, which does not imply a hierarchy of the degree

The Church Catholic Appoints apocryphal texts that were ignored in his gun while the churches from the Reformation called the Pseudepigrapha. With regard to the writings of the Old Testament , she called Deuterocanonical those churches Protestant called Apocrypha.

The difference is that Christianity was first inspired to view the Septuagint , which contains many books that were not in the Hebrew Bible. In the sixteenth century , humanists such as Didier Erasmus and Jacques Lefevre d'Etaples and the Protestants back to the Hebrew text where Jerome had compiled the Greek and Hebrew sources.

Catholics and Orthodox claim that the gun short, restrained by the Reformed Churches , was fixed by doctors Jews in Jamnia Synod , after the appearance of Christianity and in reaction against him.

Deuterocanonical books of the New Testament are widely accepted by churches Christian.

See separate article Deuterocanonical Books

Writings intertestamental and Manuscripts from Qumran

The Apocrypha of the Old Testament are a wide variety of texts corpus of literature Jewish (but we are mainly managed through Christianity ), the second century BC. BC in the late first century , that have taken place in any canon.

Also called Writings intertestamental, they do not normally include the writings of Qumran (but Andre Dupont-Sommer them included), or Hellenistic philosophical writings, the Targums and rabbinic writings.

  • Biblical Antiquities "Pseudo-Josephus'
  • Apocalypse of Abraham
  • Apocalypse of Daniel
  • Apocalypse of Elijah
  • Apocalypse of Moses
  • Apocalypse of Zephaniah
  • Apocalypse of Ezekiel
  • Greek Apocalypse of Baruch
  • Syriac Apocalypse of Baruch
  • Genesis Apocryphon
  • Apocalypse of Noah
  • Ascension of Moses
  • 2 Baruch
  • 3 Baruch
  • Blessings
  • Reviewed by Habakkuk
  • Commentary on the Psalms
  • Damascus
  • 4 Ezra
  • Anthology
  • 1 Enoch "Ethiopian Enoch"
  • 2 Enoch "The Book of Secrets of Henoch", "Slavonic Enoch"
  • 3 Enoch "Enoch Hebrew"
  • Hymns
  • Joseph and Asneth
  • Jubilees
  • 3 Maccabees
  • Hebrew legend of Melchizedek
  • Angelic Liturgy
  • Book of Mysteries
  • Martyrdom of Isaiah
  • Sibylline Oracles
  • Chronicles of Jeremiah
  • Traps woman
  • Psalms of Solomon
  • Questions of Ezra
  • Rule of the Community
  • Sets Schedule to the Community
  • Rules of War
  • Temple Scroll
  • Testament of Abraham
  • Testament of Asher
  • Testament of Benjamin
  • Testament of Dan
  • Testament of Gad
  • Testament of Isaac
  • Testament of Issachar
  • Testament of Jacob
  • Testament of Jeremiah
  • Testament of Job
  • Testament of Joseph
  • Testament of Judah
  • Testament of Levi
  • Testament of Moses
  • Testament of Naphtali
  • Testament of Reuben
  • Testament of Solomon
  • Testament of Simeon
  • Testament of Zebulun
  • Testimonia
  • Greek Life of Adam and Eve

Apocrypha Christian Writings

This is a whole, also very heterogeneous, texts whose dates are variable and writing the fringe of Christianity, Orthodox, sometimes indicating trends Judeo-Christian and Gnostic.

  • Acts of Andrew
  • Acts of Andrew and Matthew
  • Acts of Andrew and Paul
  • Acts of Andrew and Peter
  • Acts of Barnabas
  • Proceedings of Jacques
  • Acts of John in Rome
  • Proceedings of Marc
  • Acts of Paul
  • Acts of Philip
  • Acts of Peter
  • Acts of Peter and the Twelve Apostles
  • Acts of Pilate or Gospel of Nicodemus
  • Acts of Thaddaeus
  • Acts of Thomas
  • Acts of Timothy
  • Acts of Titus
  • Apocalypse of Ezra
  • Apocalypse of Stephen
  • 1st Apocalypse of Jacques
  • 2nd Apocalypse of Jacques
  • 1st Apocalypse of John
  • 2nd Apocalypse of John
  • 3 rd Apocalypse of John
  • Apocalypse of Paul
  • Apocalypse of Peter
  • Apocalypse of Sedrach
  • Ascension of Isaiah
  • Correspondence of Paul with the Corinthians (Acts Paul X)
  • Correspondence of Paul and Seneca
  • Doctrine of Addai the Apostle
  • Dormition of Mary of Pseudo-John
  • Eloge de Jean-Baptiste
  • Book of revelation Elkas
  • Epistle of the Apostles
  • Epistle to the Laodicean
  • Letter to Lentulus
  • Epistle of Peter to Philip
  • 5 Ezra
  • Ezra 6
  • Arabic Gospel John
  • Armenian Gospel of the Childhood
  • Gospel of Barnabas
  • Gospel of Gamaliel
  • Gospel of Judas
  • Gospel of Mary Magdalene
  • Gospel of Philip
  • Gospel of Peter
  • Gospel of Pseudo-Matthew
  • Gospel Secret Mark
  • Gospel of Thomas
  • Evangelical fragments
  • Story of Jesus' childhood or childhood Gospel of Thomas
  • History of Joseph the Carpenter The Koran and the Christian Apocrypha

    The Qur'an shares with many apocryphal Christian life scenes of Mary and Child Jesus

    • the consecration of Mary in Surah III, The Family of 'Imran, 31, and the Proto-gospel of Jacques,
    • the life of Mary in the Temple in Sura III, The Family of 'Imran, 32 and Sura XIX, Mary, 16, and the Proto-gospel of Jacques,
    • the draw for the care of Mary in Sura III, The Family of 'Imran, 39, and the Proto-gospel of Jacques,
    • Nativity under a palm tree in Sura XIX, Mary, 23, and the Gospel of Pseudo-Matthew ...
    • Jesus speaks in the cradle in Sura III, The Family of 'Imran, 41 and Sura XIX, Mary, 30, and the Gospel of Arab children,
    • Jesus animates clay birds in Sura III, The Family of 'Imran, 43 and Sura V, La Table, 110 and the Gospel of Thomas Child ...

    Bibliography

    • 1987 , The Bible. Written intertestamental, Gallimard, Bibliotheque de la Pleiade, under the direction of Andre Dupont-Sommer and Marc Philonenko. This volume contains the following:
    Qumran writings: Rule of the Community - Temple Scroll - Damascus - Rules of War - Hymns - Psalms Pseudo-David - Biblical commentaries - Apocryphon of Genesis - Fragments various important.
    Pseudepigrapha of the Old Testament, Enoch - Jubilees - Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs - Psalms of Solomon - Testament of Moses - Martyrdom of Isaiah - Sibylline Oracles - Apocalypse of Baruch Greek - Book of Secrets of Enoch - Book of Biblical Antiquities - Fourth Ezra Pound - Syriac Apocalypse of Baruch - Joseph and Asneth - Testament of Job - Testament of Abraham - Apocalypse of Abraham - Chronicles of Jeremiah - Greek Life of Adam and Eve - Apocalypse of Elijah.
    • Gnostic writings. The library of Nag Hammadi , under the direction of Jean-Pierre Mah and Paul Hubert Poirier, Bibliotheque de la Pleiade, 1920 p. ( ISBN 2070113337 )
    • Christian apocryphal writings, 2 vols., Al. "La Pliade, Gallimard. Volume I contains the following:
    ON JESUS AND MARY: PREACHING THE STONE - GOSPEL ACCORDING TO THOMAS - SECRET GOSPEL OF MARC - Proto JACQUES - GOSPEL OF THE CHILDHOOD OF PSEUDO-MATTHEW - BOOK OF THE NATIVITY OF MARY - MARY OF THE PSEUDO DORMITION JOHN - HISTORY CHILD OF JESUS - LIFE OF JESUS IN ARABIC - GOSPEL OF PETER - BARTHLEMY QUESTIONS - BOOK OF THE RESURRECTION OF JESUS CHRIST BY THE APOSTLE BARTHELEMY - EPISTLE OF THE APOSTLES - FRAGMENTS EVANGELICAL - VISIONS AND REVELATIONS: ASCENSION OF ISAIAH - Revelation Ezra - REVELATION OF SEDRACH - VISION OF EZRA - ESDHAS FIFTH BOOK - SIXTH BOOK OF EZRA - ODES OF SOLOMON - APOCALYPSE OF PETER - REVELATION OF PAUL - THE BOOK OF REVELATION OF Elkas - ON AND JEAN-BAPTISTE THE APOSTLES: Acts of Andrew - ACTS OF JOHN - Acts of Peter - Acts of Paul - Acts of Philip - Acts of Thomas - DOCTRINE OF ST ADDAI - LEGEND OF SIMON AND THONO - PRAISE OF JEAN-BAPTISTE - CORRESPONDENCE OF PAUL and Seneca.
    Volume II contains the following:
    Jesus and other evangelical figures: Gospel according to Mary - History of Joseph the Carpenter - Dialogue with the paralytic Christ - On the Priesthood of Christ or Confession of Theodosius - Homily on the life of Jesus and his love for the apostles - Paper the rooster - Assumption Greek Transitus or "R" - Gospel of Nicodemus or Acts of Pilate - Pilate's Report - Response from Tiberius to Pilate - Pilate's Appearance - Declaration of Joseph of Arimathea - Letter of Pilate to the Emperor Claudius - Revenge of the Savior - Death of Pilate. Of the apostles: Lives of the Prophets - Lists of apostles and disciples - Acts of Andrew and Matthias - Acts of Peter and Andrew - Martyrdom of Matthew - Martyrdom of Mark the Evangelist - Proceedings Timothy - Titus Acts - Acts of Barnabas - Acts of Thaddeus - Thaddeus Armenian Martyr - Acts of John in Rome - Passion of Peter (so-called pseudo-Linus) - Passion of the Lord's brother Jacques - Philip Passion - Passion brother of Jean Jacques - Passion Bartholomew - Matthew Passion - Passion of Simon and Jude - Preaching Bartholomew in the city of Oasis and the martyrdom of Bartholomew - Proceedings of Matthew in the city of khanate and Martyrdom of Matthew in Parthia - Preaching Jacques' son of Zebedee and martyrdom of Jacques son of Zebedee - Martyrdom of Luke. Visions and revelations: First apocryphal Apocalypse of John - Apocalypse of Thomas - Sibylline Oracles. Letters: Letter of Paul to the Laodicean - Letter of Jesus Christ on Sunday - Letter of Lentulus - Epistle of Pseudo-Titus. Novel pseudo-Clementine Homilies - Acknowledgments.
    • "The Apocrypha early Christians, MEMORY AND TRADITIONS" collective Descle Brouwer, May 2010, ISBN: 2220061019 ( nonfiction.fr analysis )

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