Anti Colonialist
The anti-colonialism is a current or a political attitude, calling into question the principles and the existence of the colonial system , a critique of colonialism is emerging from the period of the Great Discoveries.
Summary |
Introduction
At each stage of colonial history is a certain type of anti-colonialism . In the Enlightenment , anti-colonialism is not a homogenous: colonialism is terminated for reasons that may be philosophical, moral or economic and supporters of anti-colonialism does not paint the same political analysis. Among the authors concerned FIG Denis Diderot and his Supplement au voyage de Bougainville , which is a rewrite of the Voyage of Bougainville.
The considerable development of colonial empires in the nineteenth century leads to a rise of anticolonial thought. Colonialist discourse is then guided by the desire to bring progress of civilization to the "inferior races" , especially for current Republicans and Socialists. Thus, Jules Ferry said: "We must say openly that the superior races have a right vis--vis the inferior races. Again it is for the superior races right because there is a duty for them. They have a duty to civilize the inferior races " . In 1925, Blum said his side: "We recognize that there may be not only a right but a duty to so-called superior races, claiming a privilege for them sometimes somewhat unfair, attract at the races that they have not reached the same degree of culture and civilization " .
It was then generally in liberal circles that are opponents of colonization. They especially object to the argument that we must bring freedom by force. Yves Guyot writes: "It is strange that we should use the gun against the oppressed to deliver them from their tyrants" . They are opposed to colonialism, especially as it is for them the fruit of regimentation and the will of a State to extend its power. Guyot denounces in particular the continuation of colonialism as "state socialism." Frederic Bastiat , for his part denounced What we see and what you do not see the economic mistake to want to colonize Algeria 's appropriate resources . In the United Kingdom, liberals like Richard Cobden and Herbert Spencer strongly oppose the policy of expansion of the empire. Nevertheless, a liberal institution like Alexis de Tocqueville took advantage for the colonization of Algeria, opposing the House Bastiat .
Aim Csaire has led an active career as a politician, working closely with its cultural commitment that led him to denounce the evils of colonization in Notebook of a Return to My Native Land (1947), in Discourse on Colonialism (1950 ) and to claim Caribbean culture through the blackness.
The colonial question is of central importance in the twentieth century.Lenin and the Communist International developed the argument that colonialism is the extension of imperialism and oppose it as such . In the post-war , anti-colonialism is in association with movements independence in the colonies. This new group of both anti-colonialism movements of extreme left , of intellectuals and some of the Catholics.
References
- Encarta Encyclopedia
- In 1903, according to Le Nouveau Petit Robert.
- Jean Bruhat , "Anticolonialism, Encyclopdia Universalis.
- The term must be understood in the context of the times
- Jules Ferry, Speech to the Chamber of Deputies, July 28, 1885.
- Blum, Debate on the budget for the Colonies in the House of Deputies, July 9, 1925, JO, Parliamentary Debates, Assembly, Regular Session (June 30-July 12, 1925), p. 848.
- Yves Guyot , "The Colonial Policy", Journal of economists , January 1885
- Frederic Bastiat , The Algeria , 1850
- Milliere Guy , " The Liberals and colonialism "
- Lenin, Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism.
See also
Related articles
Bibliography
- Hashemi Baccouche , Decolonization. Quantities and easements of anti-colonialism, ed. New Latin editions, Paris, 1962
- The European anti-colonialism of Las Casas to Karl Marx, Taken Armand Colin, 1969, texts selected and introduced by Marcel Merle
- Yves Benot , Diderot, from atheism to anti-colonialism, Paris, Maspero, 1970.
- Chagnollaud Dominique and Jean Lacouture , The Dsempire, figures and themes of anti-colonialism, Denol, et al. "Crossed Destinies", 1993.
- Gabriel Esquer, anti-colonialism in the eighteenth century. Philosophical and political history and institutions of the European trade in the two Indies, Paris, Presses Universitaires de France, 1951.
- Claude Liauzu , History of anti-colonialism in France. The sixteenth century to the present, Armand Colin, 2007, 304 p.
- Philippe Merle, European anti-colonialism, Armand Colin, 2007.
- Charles-Andre Julien , an anti-colonial thought, Sindbad, 2007.
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