History Dukes of Anhalt
During the ninth century , most of Anhalt was included in the Duchy of Saxony , and came under the sovereignty "Esico (died circa 1060). His son was Adalbert II (died 1080), whose son Otto the Rich appears to be the first to wear the title Earl of Anhalt. Otho, Count of Ballenstedt, was the father of Albert the Bear , by which the Mark Brandenburg was afterwards united in Anhalt. At the Albert died in 1170, his son Bernard, who was given the title of Duke of Saxony, became count of Anhalt. Bernard died in 1212 and Anhalt, separated from Saxony, passed to his son Henry I, who in 1218 took the title of prince and was the real founder of the House of Anhalt.
Princes of Anhalt
With the death of Henry I in 1252, his three son shared the principality and founded respectively the lines of Aschersleben , of Bernburg and Zerbst. The line of Anhalt-Aschersleben died in 1315, and its territory was incorporated into the neighboring diocese of Halberstadt. The last Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg died in 1468 and its land was reclaimed by the last surviving line of Anhalt-Zerbst. The territory of the latter branch was divided in 1396, and after the acquisition of Bernburg, Prince George I redivides Zerbst (between Zerbst and Dessau). In the early sixteenth century , following the death or abdication of several princes, the family found itself reduced to two classes of Anhalt-Kthen and Anhalt-Dessau (derived both from that of Anhalt-Dessau in 1471 ).
Wolfgang, who became Prince of Anhalt-Kthen in 1508, joined the Reformation and after the battle of Mhlberg in 1547, was outlawed by the Empire and deprived of his land by Charles Quint. After the Peace of Passau in 1552, he returned to his dominions, but childless, he gave the princes of Anhalt-Dessau. Ernest I of Anhalt-Dessau (d. 1516) left three son, John II, George III, and Joachim, who ruled together. They favored the reformed doctrines that became predominant in Anhalt. Around 1546 the three brothers divided their principality and founded the lines of Zerbst, Pltzkau and Dessau. This division was only temporary, and Joachim Ernest, a son of John II, Anhalt reunited in 1570 for his benefit.
The first union was short and, in 1603, Anhalt was divided into micro-states among the five son of Joachim Ernest of Anhalt-Dessau , Anhalt-Bernburg , Anhalt-Kthen , Anhalt-Zerbst and Anhalt-Pltzkau.
Branch Anhalt-Kthen became extinct in 1665: Lebrecht of Anhalt-Pltzkau inherited it and, by making Pltzkau in Bernburg, he took the title of Anhalt-Kthen. The same year, the princes of Anhalt decided at the death of a loved one, his lands should be shared equitably among the survivors. This agreement applies to the death of Frederick Augustus of Anhalt-Zerbst in 1793. Further divisions were then avoided by establishing the rule of primogeniture in all the remaining branches.
Note: The most famous family of Anhalt-Zerbst is certainly the Princess Sophia , who ruled the Russian empire of 1763 to 1796 under the name of Catherine II.
In 1806, Napoleon raised States of Anhalt-Bernburg, Anhalt-Dessau and Anhalt-Kthen in duchies (Pltzkau Anhalt-Zerbst and Anhalt-missing). Because of the extinction branches of Kthen and Bernburg, the duchies were united in 1863 to form a united Anhalt.
In 1918 Anhalt became a land of the Weimar Republic. After the Second World War , she was joined to the Prussian Saxony to form the federal state of Saxony-Anhalt. Disbanded in 1952, this land was restored to the reunification of Germany.
Source
- This article includes excerpts from the dictionary Bouillet . You can remove this indication, if the text reflects the current knowledge on the subject, if sources are cited, it meets the current language and if it does not contain words that go against the rules neutrality of .
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