Amr Ibn Al As
'Amr ibn al-'As or Amr ibn al- have ibn WA it ibn Hashim ibn Sa id ibn Sahm transcript of the Arab is a companion of Muhammad and was appointed by him as General , he died in 664.
Biography
During the period of the Hegira (about 629 ), `Amr was the trade with Abyssinia , he was part of opponents of Muhammad. He sought to encourage the Negus to support the fight against Muslims. The Negus convinced him to convert to Islam. He then joined Medina and converted .
He participated in the battle against the Byzantines Adjnadan with the Umayyad Yazid ( 30 July 634 ). In 639 , he entered into Egypt and captured Pelusium then Babylon of Egypt, near the ancient Memphis , the Greeks rushed to leave Alexandria. After the first dose of Alexandria (end 641 ), he conquered Lower Egypt and holds the Nubia.
In 643 , Alexandria , evacuated by the Greeks, is delivered by the patriarch Cyrus Arab troops to 'Amr that takes the Cyrenaica and founded the camp in Fustat (later Cairo ), north of Babylon in Egypt. The Greeks who go to Egypt is mostly traders, the system of land ownership is not changed, and the Arabs receive pay mostly in kind. They provide a guard rotation in Alexandria seafront and Khirbet facing the desert.
'Amr then march on Tripoli in Libya. Caliph Umar denied the conquest of the Maghreb and 'Amr returned to Egypt.
In 643 , Amr was appointed governor (wali) of Egypt. It restore the canal from the Nile to the Red Sea to transport Saudi wheat from Egypt. He took the name "channel of the emir of the believers "in homage to Caliph Umar.
Amr Egypt administered wisely. The amount of tax, which affects non-Muslims (capitation), is set according to the flooding of the Nile. Amr built in Nilometers to Aswan and Dendera to save the rising waters. The State must provide for the maintenance of dikes and canals, which employs 120,000 workers and requires a third of the amount of tax. Caliph Umar criticizes the governor not to send a sufficient tribute and his successor Uthman the table in 644 for the same reason Notes
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