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Al Shaafa39I

Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Idris al-Shaafa'i ( ) was ( 767 , Gaza , Palestine - 820 , Egypt ), and Imam Al-Shaafa'i was a jurist and Islamic scholar , founder of the school ( ) of Islamic law ( ), the Shafii school. It belongs to the dynasty of the Hashemite tribe of Quraysh.

History

His father died while still a child. His mother raised in poverty by trying to make him a good Muslim. He spent much time among the Bedouins and thus acquires a great knowledge of Arabic poetry.

In his youth, he went to Medina to study Islamic jurisprudence and hadith as the Imam Malik. He memorized the entire book Al-Muwatta and could recite word for word. He remained there until his death in 801. He then went to Yemen to teach and he was accused of trends Shiites in the year 805. He could prove his innocence before the caliph Harun al-Rashid who released him, by exempting from any fault. Al-Shaafa'i remained in Iraq for some time and studied under Muhammad ibn Al-Hassan , the famous student of Abu Hanifa.

Imam Shaafa'i combinatorial somehow the Islamic jurisprudence of Hejaz ( Maliki ) with that of Iraq ( Hanafi ) and thus created his own school of jurisprudence. He gathered the rules dictating to his students in a book called Al-hujja (obviously). This editorial was in Iraq in 810 and some of his students learned of his book and propagated, such as the Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal and Abu Thawr.

He then went to Egypt to study under Imaam Al-Layth ibn Sad , but he died shortly before his arrival, he could still study his madhhab of his pupils who were always present.

In Egypt he assimilated the jurisprudence developed by Imam al-Layth and was writing his al-Madhhab al-Jadid new madhhab, as opposed to al-Madhhab al-Qadim he was in Iraq to his students in a book he named Al-Umm. In fact this trip to Egypt to the confrontation of different methods of analysis and reasoning of hadith which induces many changes of opinions that had been in Iraq.

Imam Al-Shaafa'i is the first imam to have systematized the principles of Islamic jurisprudence, as in his book Ar-Risalah.

Former students who continued his work are al-Muzan , Al-Maradi and Al-Buwayti.

Works

Al-Umm: book of Islamic jurisprudence. It is noted its views on various issues, and has reported that he had discussions with other scholars , including Hanafi and Maliki.