Al Madain
| Ctesiphon Salman Pak, Al-Mada'in | ||
|---|---|---|
| Location | ||
| Country |  Iraq | |
| Province | Diyala | |
| Contact | 33 05 '37 "North 44 34 '55 "East / 33.093726, 44.581833 | |
| ||
Summary |
History
It was founded by the Parthians who make it their winter residence .
It was the capital of Persia under the Sassanid. II Julian the Apostate said it won a decisive battle in 363 but was killed shortly after. In 637 , Ctesiphon fell to the Muslims during the conquest of Persia under the command of Sa `d ibn Abi Waqqas at the time of Caliph ` Umar ibn al-Khattab. They retrieved the materials to build Baghdad. She took the name of Al-Mada'in .
The population is not prejudice but the palace and the archives were burned. The city then experienced a rapid decline following the collapse of the Umayyads and will become a ghost town. We think it served as a reference for the city Isbanir (en) in the tales of Thousand and One Nights.
Architecture
Brick arch 30 meters high ( iwan ) is the remnant of the palace of the Persian king Shahpur I. , winner of the Roman emperor Valerian in 260.
The right wing collapsed in the early twentieth century , was partly reconstructed in recent years. A spur was added to the remaining left wing.
Ctesiphon (Tagh Kasr-i). Drawing of Captain Hart, 1824.
The palace of Ctesiphon, photo taken in 1864
Ctesiphon palace in 1932.
References
- Persian : tsfn, , Tsfn
- Salman Pak (Persian: Salman Pak , "Salman the Pure") is the Persian name of Salman the Persian.
- "Formerly, it was Babylon which was the capital of Assyria , now it Seleucia , called Seleucia on the Tigris. Near Seleucia is a large village called Ctesiphon, which Parthian kings, for the sake Sleuciens, had made their winter home: they had wanted to spare the trouble of Seleucia stay in perpetuity these bands Scythians and any the soldiery they dragged after them. But the development of the Parthian Empire took Ctesiphon, which, in the condition of simple village, rose to the rank of town today, both by extending its enclosure in which the multitude is to ease, as the number of buildings including its new hosts have decorated, and the growing importance of supply and the various industries related to the needs of such a colony. The air is so pure that Ctesiphon has retained the Parthian kings used to spend all their winters, but summer is to Ecbatana or in Hyrcania they carry their homes because of the prestige which remains attached to such illustrious names. "
- Strabo , Geography Notes
Related articles
External Links
- Photos of the palace
- (In) Salman Pak Tak Kisra (old: Ctesiphon) on U.S. Department of Defense Legacy Resource Mangement Program (DoDLRMP)
- (In) Taq-i Kisra on ArchNet
- (In) Archaeological Site Photographs: Mesopotamia: Ctesiphon on Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago
Bibliography
- Guy Rachet , Dictionary of Archaeology, Robert Laffont , coll. "Mouthpieces", 1994, 1060 p. ( ISBN 9782221079041 ), "Ctesiphon", p. 256
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