Ahura Mazda
Ahura Mazda (from Old Persian "Lord-Wisdom") is the central deity of the ancient religion or Mazdean Mazdeism After the reform of the old cult Mazdean by Zarathustra , Ahura Mazda is the single divinity, abstract transcendent of Zoroastrianism. According to the Avesta , he is the Supreme Spirit who gave birth to two opposing principles: Spenta Mainyu (the Holy Spirit or the right choice) and Ahra Mainyu (bad choice). If Ahura Mazda transcends the physical elements of creation, it nevertheless remains the essential center of Light, Father of Atar .
In Zervanism , Ormuzd (AuhrMadzd Ormudz or contraction pehlevienne of Ahura Mazda) and Ahriman (contraction of pehlevienne Ahra Mainyu) are dominated by Zervan (time-without-limits). Ormudz is the opponent of Ahriman, the Zoroastrian representative of evil. It carries the arta, that is to say, wisdom and truth.
In Zoroastrianism, Spenta Ashema some of the primordial gods or become the 7 Mazdaism expressions or divine virtues of Lord Ahura :
- Mazda's wisdom, light, omniscience
- Vohu Manah: Good thought
- Asha Vahista: The order just as divine perfection which the cosmic order
- Khshatra: Kingdom of God (Khshatra Vairya) - The empire - power and power of good
- Armaiti: Devotion as holy piety, endowed with beneficial activities - Spenta Armaiti
- Haurvatat: health as a destructive disease in inoculated Ahriman's creation and salvation in the spiritual world
- Ameratt: Immortality (or undeath) as the continued vitality of the divine life.
The winged disc represented here cons is present on many bas-reliefs of the royal city of Persepolis , as well as on Achaemenid seals. His identification with Ahura Mazda is still debated. According to Paul du Breuil , it does not represent Ahura Mazda, but farvahar the Fravarti (Angel) who is in the sphere of the Sun. It depicts a priest of Marduk, bearded and dressed in fashionable Vedic outgoing mid-body of the winged sun disk.
The Persian Empire
In the inscriptions of Darius I , ruler of the Persian Empire , it is designated as "the greatest of the gods" and is usually invoked only. He is considered the source of royal power. Persians and Greeks sometimes equate Zeus : thus, the "sacred chariot of Zeus "mentioned by Herodotus , Xenophon or Quintus Curtius is actually devoted to Ahura Mazda.
References
- Atar is the equivalent of the deity Agni of India.
- a and b Paul du Breuil, Zarathustra and the transfiguration of the world, Editions Payot, Paris 1978
- "Char sacred Zeus "or" Jupiter "in the translations.
- Herodotus , Histories Bibliography
- Pierre Briant, History of the Persian Empire, Cyrus Alexander, 1996 [ detail editions ]
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