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Afdhal Al Nur Ad Din Ali

Abu al-Hasan Nur ad-Din al-Malik al-`Ali bin'Afdhal Salah ad-Din Yusuf ^Biography

Around 1186 , his father arranges the governments of provinces of his empire and appointed his eldest son Al-Afdhal as governor of Damascus. As the child was then only seventeen years, it is likely that this appointment is a draft law of succession and that advisers be appointed to assist the young prince. At the same time, his brothers Al-Aziz and Malik Zahir-ed were appointed to lead Egypt and Aleppo respectively .

Saladin died during the night of 3 to 4 March 1193 and shall be shared according to his will of 1186. He said that Al-Afdhal will have the sovereign authority over the rest of the empire Ayyubid. But Saladin's emirs submitted by revolt and resume their independence, as Zengides of Mosul and Sinjar, and Ortoqides of Djzirat. Al-Afdhal, unbalanced young man, returns to his father's ministers, appointed in their place a poor administrator, the vizier Ibn al-Ziya Al-Atheer, and engages in the pleasures. The disgraced ministers took refuge in Egypt where they encourage Al-Aziz to fight against his brother. At the end of May 1194 , Malik Al-Aziz laid siege to Damascus and Al-Afdhal, discredited and unable to count on his people, called upon his uncle Al-Adel. Expressing protective Al-Afdhal, he met Al-Aziz and convinces him to reconcile with his brother and return to Egypt. In 1195 , Al-Aziz tries again to attack his brother, but Al-Adel was able to persuade some of his emirs had deserted the army. Al-Afdal tries to pursue and defeat in Egypt, but Al-Adel, not wanting to see one of his nephews to become too powerful, dissuaded. Al-Adel moved to Egypt to Al-Aziz, while Al-Afdhal goes increasingly unpopular with his subjects. Al-Aziz Al-Adel and then mount an assault against al-Afdhal June 1196, besieged and captured Damascus on 3 July 1196. Al-Afdhal was exiled in a small fee to Sarkhad (in) , while Al-Adel ascended the throne of Damascus. Al-Aziz Sultan received the title of supreme Ayyubid empire, but the real master is in fact al-Adel .

Malik al-`Aziz , died on 29 November 1198 following a fall from his horse during a wolf hunt in the vicinity of the Pyramids and his son Al-Mansur Nasir ad-Din succeeded him. As he was only nine at the time of this succession, the regency is assured by Baha al-Din Atabek Karakouch. But the Egyptian court feared the ambitions of al-Adel and called Al-Afdhal, who travels to Egypt where he arrived in January 1199 and it crowds out Atabek to take his place .

He tries to take advantage of the expulsion of Al-Adel, who was in Mardin, in an attempt to besiege Damascus, Al-Adel is ahead and arrived at Damascus on 8 June 1199. Al-Afdhal, aided by his brother, Malik El-ed-Zahir Ghazi , emir of Aleppo , appears with his army to Damascus on 14 June 1199. The two brothers procrastinate, Al-Adel was able to circumvent some of their emirs and to sow discord between the two brothers who leave the seat after six months .

Back in Egypt, Al-Afdhal unwisely dispersed his army. Al-Adil went shortly after Egypt, defeated the meager forces Bilbeis and receives at Cairo submission of the sultan 5 February 1200. Al-Afdhal then waives the Government of Egypt, and left the country to join his stronghold Hauran and Malik al-Mansour is filed and made governor of Edessa, but the young prince prefers to take refuge in Aleppo .

According to Abu-Fedala columnist, he died in 1225 at Samosata .

Al-Afdhal and the Jewish physician Moses Maimonides

Al-Afdhal is a feeble and sickly. This character is diseased at the origin of his encounter with the great Jewish physician originally from Al-Andalus Moses Maimonides. He arrived in Egypt to 1166, he settled in Fustat. He must exercise the medical profession to ensure its survival after the death of his uncle who kept far. He became known in 1185, he was chosen as court physician to Saladin's vizier, al-Fadil `Abd al-Rahim al-al-Bisan Asqalani. When Saladin died despite his care, he became the personal physician of al-Afdhal for which he wrote two books:

1198, Guide to Health: Treaty of hygiene.
1200, Explanation of coincidences: where Maimonides explains the origin of psychosomatic diseases and particularly depressive tendency of Al-Afdhal.

Preceded by

Afdhal al-Nur ad-Din Ali

Followed by

Al-Malik an-Nasir Salah ad-Din Yusuf