Abu Baqr
Abu Bakr, whose real name was `Abdullah (servant of God), Atiq (the release)" as-Siddiq (the truthful) bin Abi Quhaafah , is a religious leader, political and military Arabic , the first man to have embraced Islam after Khadijah , the first wife of the prophet of Islam. He was the stepfather of Muhammad (the father of Aisha ). He was born in Mecca around 573 and died in Medina in 634. He was the first caliph of Islam , from 632 to 634.
Its name means "father of the elder" he owned a large number of camels which he took great care . His name is the origin of the names Boubaker , Boubakeur (North Africa) and Boubacar (Black Africa). His nickname is As-Siddiq (the truthful).
Summary |
Succession
It was the first man to embrace the Islam (according to Sunni tradition) after Muhammad's first wife, Khadija, and two adoptive son of the prophet, when he was a merchant in Mecca. According to some sources, it would be Ali, the cousin of the prophet who lived in the house of the prophet, who first embraced Islam followed Zayd adopted son of the prophet. At the Hegira , Abubakr left Mecca and settled with Muhammad to Medina. During the illness that proved fatal, he appointed Abu Bakr to lead prayers in his absence. On the death of Muhammad, Abu Bakr becomes first caliph.
Politics
He mastered the revolt of tribes of Hejaz and Nejd , the first rejecting Islam and the latter refusing to pay the zakat. He met with strong opposition from all sides but overcomes them. The most serious opposition from Musaylima defeated by Khalid ibn al-Walid in the battle of Al-Yamama (en) .
After this battle in which nearly 1,200 Muslims, including 39 large and 70 Companions master reciters of the Qur'an were killed, Umar Abu Bakr prompted to consider the preservation of the verses revealed. It is to Zayd ibn Thabit fell the task of compiling all the verses in a single book. This book, once completed, was kept by Hafsa , one of Muhammad's wives and daughter of Umar ibn al-Khattab.
He led his generals to conquer the Saudi whole. After his death, the other caliphs went out to conquer the peninsula.
Deaths
Abu Bakr died on August 23 634 Medina. Shortly before his death he made to his successor Umar after consulting with close companions and influential. Abu Bakr was buried in a room adjoining the "Prophet's Mosque, Masjid al-Nabawi in Medina, right from the tomb of Muhammad.
Her relationship with Muhammad
Abu Bakr kept a close relationship with Muhammad , before and after the revelation. This took many times his defense. He replaced Mohammed as Imam of the prayer during the last days of the prophet, prayer is an important rite in the Muslim
Abu ad-Darda'a al-Ansari reported that Muhammad said:
"Do not you leave her alone my friend! Do not you stop and let my quiet companion! When I told you: "O people, I am the Messenger of Allah to you! You replied:" Liar! "Except Abu Bakr who, himself, I thought ! "
"When I invited people to embrace Islam , all took time for reflection and hesitation, except Abu Bakr: he did not accept, and did not hesitate ! "
"If he had been allowed to have for a friend someone other than Allah , it was Abu Bakr. Only he is my brother and my companion. "
| Preceded by | Abu Bakr As-Siddiq | Followed by | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| - |
| Umar ibn al-Khattab |
Notes
- Arabic : Abu Bakr As-Siddiq ibn Abi Quhaafah, ""
- Arabic: as-Siddiq, , the true
- Another interpretation, generally considered incorrect, is to give the name meaning "father of the Virgin" (bikr), insofar as Aisha was a virgin when Mohammed married her.
- Al-Yamama (Arabic: al-Yamama, ), city and region in the center of Saudi Arabia in the region of Najd , 80km southeast of Riyadh.
- A-22 Jumada Thani ath13. H.
- Narrated in the book " Sahih al-Bukhari "
- Narrated by Ibn Ishaq
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