Abendanan
Abendanan means a dynasty of rabbis of Spain and Morocco. The name of the great synagogue in Fez in Morocco. AbenDanan name, of ancient origin, derived either from the Hebrew or the Aramaic.
Today extensive genealogical research show that family AbenDanan down from father to son of Rambam Maimonides.
Summary |
The name of Aben Danan
This name is represented by a famous family of rabbis Sephardic , of Spanish origin (thirteenth century to fifteenth century), and Morocco, following the Expulsion, notammment to Fez. They seem to have moved in both directions, from the Iberian Peninsula to the whole of North Africa, thus contributing close ties of interdependence that comes from the Ibero-Maghreb Judaism. It is believed that the name "Danan" is of Babylonian origin. The Danan have led the ancient Jewish Moroccan diaspora , called Toshavim (people), which distinguished itself by maintaining intact the rituals and consistent with the Palestinian-Babylonian rabbinic acts during the Babylonian Exile.
Prefix or Ibn Abul-synonymous Avi Ben Bar or as implies affiliation, but with a connotation of distinction, as in the case of "Abencerages" or "Ibn Saud". Here, the prefix is extended by Dan Root (which could link the name to the tribe of Dan , one of the children of Jacob ). It may also be associated with legal practice as implied by the term dan, which means in Hebrew judge. Finally, Danan may also be a transformation Aramaic name of Dan or Daniel during the Babylonian Exile.
Other variations of the name are possible Abendanan by language and country of the person. Include Aben Danan, IbnDanan, Abendana, BenDanan and, of course, Danan, short ...
Family Abendanan
Abendanan is a family name carried by including:
- Abendanan Saadia ben Moshe ben Maimon , said ( Fez 1420? - Fes 1493). Elfassi means "one who lives in Fez" and therefore the sign of Moroccan origin. rabbi , Talmudic scholar , physician and poet, he was the Chief Rabbi of Grenada until the expulsion of Jews from Spain in 1492 and then returned in its hometown. He is the author of several books of linguistics, a Hebrew-Arabic dictionary, a historical chronology, a poem that praised the Guide for the Perplexed by Maimonides and legal decisions on, inter alia, Status of Marranos.
- Abendanan Elfassi Shmuel (Granada, 1452? - Fez, 1556?). Originally from Spain. Son of Rabbi Moshe ben Saadia Abendanan and father of Rabbi Shmuel Abendanan he was rabbi and Notary in Granada before being in Fez after the expulsion of 1492. Important community leader, he is the author of several chronic and many Talmudic comments. He was also president of the Rabbinical Court of Fez.
- Abendanan Shmuel (Fez, 1542 - Fez, 1621). Originally from Morocco. Grand-son of Rabbi Moshe ben Saadia Abendanan, son of Rabbi Shmuel Abendanan Elfassi. It was, like his father, a rabbi and lawyer in Fez and the author of several chronic and commentary on the Talmud. He was also a significant community leader and president of the rabbinical court of Fez. As such, he was one of the rabbis who participated in the ordination of Rabbi Yosef Karo , author of the Shulchan Aruch (Laid Table), the main code of Judaism Arabo-Andalusian.
- Finally, we find in fifteenth and sixteenth centuries , some trace of AbenDanan in other European countries such as Holland and Britain.
- Rabbi Shlomo Abendanan (1848-1928). Descending in a straight line, from father to son, one of the pillars of Judaism, the Rambam (Maimonides) and the maternal side of Rabbeinu Tam , grand-son of Rashi.
He comes from a family many of whose members were Rabbanim or Dayanim (judges).
From the age of 18, he studied Kabbalah and became a renowned Kabbalist. At 30, he became president of the Rabbinical Court of Fez, a city in which he held that office for fifty years, except one year when he was appointed to the High Rabbinical Court in Rabat.
Aben Danan Synagogue was his usual place of prayer. He wrote two books which are now used for reference in the decisions of "Halacha" Li Asher Shlomo and Shlomo Bikesha.
He died in 1928 at the end of Shabbat, just after the prayer of the Havdalah. That year, he failed to say the evening of Yom Kippur in the prayer of Kol Nidre , the phrase "from this Yom Kippur it until the next year." He was buried the next day, accompanied by thousands of Jews from all cities of Morocco, as well as government members and representatives of all faiths.
- Rabbi Tzion Aben Danan (1910 - 2000) was also down from father to son of Rambam. He served as judge (Dayan and Rosh av beit din), but also Sofer (scribe) and Chohet - Mohel in the cities of Rabat and Oujda for over 40 years. Eminent personalities of Moroccan Judaism of the last century, he died the day the young of Tevet 10 and was buried in the cemetery at Har HaMenouhot in Jerusalem. His funeral has mobilized many religious figures, including Rabbi Shalom Messas Ztz "l former chief rabbi of Jerusalem who had served with him in court Rabbinical. His wife, Hannah rabbani granddaughter of Rabbi Eliyahu Ben Harroch (author of numerous books including Yad Eliyahu and Kos Eliyahu) died in 2007 rests at his side.
Aben Danan Synagogue in Fez
Re-opened on 25 February 1999 , it is one of the jewels of the Jewish culture and a religious ideal for Moroccan Jewry. On this occasion, the advisor of HM King, Andre Azoulay , strongly reaffirmed the spiritual and moral dimension of this event focusing on the specificities and the sustainability of Moroccan Jewry.
What did say Her Majesty's counsel that "it is good that the Moroccan tradition is there to remind us forcefully that there is a different reading and practice of Judaism. This tradition draws on dialogue, respect for others and more than anything else, tolerance and under debate. " We learn that more than one million Jews around the world spontaneously refer to their roots and identity in Morocco.
Today, despite the great age of the building - dating from the mid-seventeenth century - which threatened to collapse saw its state of disrepair, everything has been renovated (two million). Hebrew inscriptions on the wall slabs to provide information on family history and scholarship of its members. Universal World Heritage Site by UNESCO (along with three other places of worship of Fez), the Synagogue Aben Danan, is the first to be restored, because its role was prominent in the Hebrew culture and religion throughout the Maghreb and in the advent of reforms.
If his recovery lasted a year, she now saw as a synagogue -museum expanded to the cultural and tourist visits. Danan family of Fez, his parents and friends, formed in association with Paris, but also many other partners have contributed greatly to this magnificent achievement.
Holy Ark (Aron hakodesh)
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