Abd Al Rahman Ii
Al-Hakam I. Umayyads of Cordoba |
Abu al-Mutarraf `Abd ar-Rahman ibn al-Hakam, where Abd ar-Rahman II ( Arabic : ) was born in 792 in Toledo. He succeeded his father Al-Hakam I. as the fourth Emir Umayyad Cordoba in 822. He died in 852 in Cordoba. Great-grand-son of Abd al-Rahman I.
Biography
His father left him a peaceful state, which he inherited at the age of thirty. Patron and protector of Arts and Letters, it will be considered the head of Muslim state's most cultivated of his time. These qualities combined with the peace of the emirate allowed him to build the civilization of Andalusia, with the great poet and musician, lutenist Ziryab. His court was the most brilliant of all those in Europe: there attracted scholars and poets of the Orient as Abbas Ibn Firnas.
Despite the political rivalry that pitted him against Baghdad, Abd al-Rahman II sends a great scholar in Mesopotamia, to search for, purchase or copy of literature translated from Greek or Persian. He richly pensioned astronomers and doctors. Having a right of first refusal on all imported goods, he happens to grant audience to newly arrived merchants of Arabia and Byzantium, to be offered their most precious books. The goods most popular and most dearly paid in Andalusia are so rare books.
During his reign, some Christians were opened to Muslim culture and s'arabisrent, to the chagrin of the episcopal hierarchy and the Christian extremists. The latter did not hesitate to offer themselves as martyrs in sowing confusion, disrupting prayers at mosques or taking to the Islamic religious party, beating and insulting. Abd el-Rahman and his son had to punish severely those disorders.
The rise of Andalusian civilization did not prevent the Emir of reorganizing the army and take the necessary steps to deal with incursions by Vikings. One of their fleet took, plundered and burned Seville for seven days: the Arab army reacted quickly and smashed the Norman November 11 844 south of the city. To guard against future raids, he ordered the construction of watchtowers, fortresses and a navy. A new Viking raid was attempted in 859: they attempted a landing in Galicia, which was repulsed, skirted the coast to the Guadalquivir River , where they met another army crossed the Straits of Gibraltar to join Murcia , where the Muslim fleet sank forty longships. A century later, the failure of yet another raid showed the effectiveness of measures taken by Abd el-Rahman.
The end of his reign was troubled by the intrigues about his succession. He had forty-five son, and the two main factions supported respectively Muhammad , the eldest son, and Abd-Allah, son of the favorite, Tarubi. The conflict went to an attempted poisoning of the emir. Finally, it was Mohammed who succeeded him.
| Preceded by | Abd al-Rahman II | Followed by | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Al-Hakam I. |
| Muhammad I. |
Source
- Andre Clot , Muslim Spain (Eighth ~ XV century), Perrin, Paris 1999 (reprint 1999), 429 p. ( ISBN 2-262-01425-6 ) External Links
- (Ar) / / -
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